Can capillary action lift water to 10 meters?

In summary, the conversation discusses the feasibility of achieving a water elevation of 10m through capillary action, specifically in reference to trees. It is mentioned that the water reaches the top of 100m tall trees due to negative pressure, and that a liquid can have negative pressure. The conversation also mentions the role of tiny pores in the leaves in balancing the weight of the fluid column below through capillary action. It is suggested to watch a video for a clearer explanation and future work is planned to address the question of why sap rises in tall trees.
  • #1
Yuri B.
137
0
Is it feasible to achieve elavation of water to, let's say, 10 m height due to the capillary action effect ? Or the capillary diameter for that to achieve should be less than the water molecules themselves ?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
I do not believe that it is pure capillary action, but water does reach the top of 100m tall trees.
 
  • #3
Integral said:
I do not believe that it is pure capillary action, but water does reach the top of 100m tall trees.

That happens due to negative pressure at the top of the tree (otherwise known as tension). You might think a liquid cannot have negative pressure but that would be wrong. Water is actually in a metastable supercooled state at the top of the tree and would boil (due to negative pressure) if a nucleation seed was provided.

Watch Veritassium's youtube video titled "The Most Amazing Thing About Trees" for a clear explanation.
 
  • #4
Integral said:
I do not believe that it is pure capillary action, but water does reach the top of 100m tall trees.
The pores of the leaves (where the water evaporates) are indeed so tiny (2-5 nm), that capillary action is strong enough to balance the weight of the sap column below, within which the force is transmitted as tension (negative pressure) in the much thicker xylem-tubes (20000-200000 nm).

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BickMFHAZR0
 
  • #5
I meant artificial material.
 
  • #7
:
"...venerable question of why sap rises in tall trees [32]. We
hope to address this problem in future work"
 
  • #8
Yuri B. said:
:
"...venerable question of why sap rises in tall trees [32]. We
hope to address this problem in future work"

See post #4. The xylem tubes in the tree stem are too wide to pull the water 100m by capillary action. But the much smaller pores in the leaves provide enough capillary action to balance the weight of the fluid column below, which is under tension.
 

What is capillary action?

Capillary action is the movement of a liquid through a narrow space or tube, such as a capillary, due to the adhesive and cohesive forces between the liquid and the surface of the space or tube.

What is the limit of capillary action?

The limit of capillary action refers to the maximum height that a liquid can rise through a narrow space due to its surface tension and the forces of adhesion and cohesion.

What factors affect the capillary action's limit?

The capillary action's limit is affected by the surface tension, adhesion, and cohesion of the liquid, as well as the size and shape of the capillary, the temperature, and the properties of the surface the liquid is in contact with.

What is the significance of understanding the capillary action's limit?

Understanding the capillary action's limit is important in various fields, such as biology, chemistry, and engineering. It can help in the design of microfluidic devices, understanding how plants transport water, and determining the properties of liquids.

What are some real-life examples of capillary action's limit?

Some examples of capillary action's limit include the rising of water through a paper towel, the movement of ink through a pen, the absorption of water by plant roots, and the ability of sponges to soak up liquids.

Similar threads

Replies
1
Views
1K
  • Other Physics Topics
Replies
2
Views
3K
Replies
18
Views
2K
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • Other Physics Topics
Replies
11
Views
2K
  • Mechanical Engineering
Replies
8
Views
1K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
1
Views
1K
Replies
31
Views
5K
  • Other Physics Topics
Replies
16
Views
33K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
5
Views
1K
Back
Top