Ahmed Abdullah said:If atoms are truly neutral(electrically) there should be no electrostic attraction between them, because there is no electric field out side the atom(All electric fields starting from the positive nucleus of the atom ends in the equal negative charge of electrons, which are inside the atom). Then what make them to form co-valent bond? To be precise, I want to know what kinds of physics lie behind this process.
Thanx in advance.
A covalent bond is a type of chemical bond where two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons in order to achieve a stable outer electron shell.
Atoms form covalent bonds when they have a partially filled outer electron shell and can achieve a more stable configuration by sharing electrons with another atom.
Atoms want to form covalent bonds in order to achieve a more stable electron configuration and lower their overall energy levels.
The strength of a covalent bond is determined by the distance between the two atoms and the number of shared electrons. The shorter the distance and the more shared electrons, the stronger the bond.
A single covalent bond involves the sharing of one pair of electrons, a double covalent bond involves the sharing of two pairs of electrons, and a triple covalent bond involves the sharing of three pairs of electrons. This results in increasing bond strength as the number of shared electrons increases.