What is the electric potential of Earth?

In summary, the potential of Earth with respect to infinity is essentially 0 due to its low net charge. When a capacitor is discharged and disconnected, its terminals have the same potential wrt infinity as Earth. When one terminal is connected to Earth and the other is disconnected, the potential of the disconnected terminal wrt infinity is also 0. When the capacitor's terminals are shorted together, there is a brief current flow. After the discharge current stops, both terminals have a potential wrt infinity. If the terminals are identical in size, their potential is approximately 1/2 that of Earth. These questions make sense because they pertain to the behavior of a capacitor and its potential with respect to infinity.
  • #1
morangta
23
0
What is the potential of Earth with respect to (wrt) infinity (C=710uF)? I am assuming that infinity is the correct reference here.

Suppose a capacitor that's normally used in an electric/electronic circuit is
a) discharged by connecting its two (2) terminals.
b) then they are disconnected and the capacitor is held in dry air.
c) then terminal 1 is connected to Earth, and is disconnected from Earth.

Does this terminal 1 then have the same potential wrt infinity as Earth? Is charge then residing on the plate of terminal 1? What is then the potential of the other plate (terminal 2) wrt infinity and wrt terminal 1?

Then if this capacitor's terminals are shorted together, is there a brief current flow? If the terminals are disconnected after the discharge current stops flowing, do both terminals have a potential wrt infinity? If the terminals are identical in size, is their potential now 1/2 that of the earth?

I hope these questions make sense. Please explain why if they don't.

Thanks for reading. Please let me know the answers if you know what they are.

Please excuse me if I have posted this before. I sometimes forget.
 
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  • #2
Regardless of the capacitance of the earth, since it has essentially 0 net charge its potential is 0 wrt infinity. The only time that you would get a significant potential wrt infinity is if you gave it a net charge.
 

1. What is electric potential?

Electric potential is a measure of the amount of electric potential energy that a charged particle has at a certain point in an electric field. It is also known as voltage.

2. How is the electric potential of Earth determined?

The electric potential of Earth is determined by the distribution of charge on its surface, which is influenced by the Earth's rotation, atmospheric conditions, and the presence of electrically conductive materials like water and metal.

3. What is the unit of measurement for electric potential?

The unit of measurement for electric potential is volts (V). One volt is equivalent to one joule per coulomb (J/C).

4. Is the electric potential of Earth constant?

No, the electric potential of Earth is not constant. It can vary depending on factors such as location, time, and weather conditions.

5. How does the electric potential of Earth affect living organisms?

The electric potential of Earth has a minimal direct effect on living organisms. However, it can indirectly affect them through the Earth's magnetic field, which plays a crucial role in navigation and migration for many species.

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