Find Energy of C=C Bond in Fumaric and Succinic Acid

In summary, the enthalpies of combustion for fumaric and succinic acid are -1336kJ/mol and -1469kJ/mol respectively. Using the equation dH(formation) = sigma(BE reactants) - sigma(BE products) + dH(formation), the energy of the C=C bond was found to be 2776kJ/mol for fumaric and 2082kJ/mol for succinic.
  • #1
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Homework Statement


Enthalpies of fumaric and succinic acid are as follows:

Fumaric:
dH(combustion) = -1336kJ/mol
C4H4O4(s) + 3O2 -> 4CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)

Succinic:
dH(combustion) = -1469kJ/mol
C4H6O4(s) + 3.5 O2(g) -> 3H2O(l)

Find the energy of the C=C bond

BE:
H-H: 432 kJ/mol
C-H: 413 kJ/mol
C-C: 347 kJ/mol

dH(formation)
H2O(l): -241.8 kJ/mol
CO2(g): -393.5 kJ/mol

Homework Equations



dH(combustion) ≠ dH(formation)

dH(formation) = sigma(BE reactants) - sigma(BE products) + dH(formation)

The Attempt at a Solution

 
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  • #2
Fumaric:BE reactants = 2C4H4O4 + 3O2 = 8*413 + 3*(0) = 3304kJ/molBE products = 4CO2 + 2H2O = 4*(-393.5) + 2*(-241.8) = -2183.2kJ/moldH(formation) = 3304 - (-2183.2) + (-1336) = -2035.8kJ/molC=C bond = 8*347 = 2776kJ/molSuccinic:BE reactants = C4H6O4 + 3.5O2 = 4*413 + 3.5*(0) = 1652kJ/molBE products = 3H2O = 3*(-241.8) = -725.4kJ/moldH(formation) = 1652 - (-725.4) + (-1469) = -536.4kJ/molC=C bond = 6*347 = 2082kJ/mol
 

1. How do you calculate the energy of a C=C bond in fumaric and succinic acid?

To calculate the energy of a C=C bond, we use the formula E = hν, where E is the energy, h is Planck's constant, and ν is the frequency. We determine the frequency by measuring the infrared (IR) spectrum of the molecules, which gives us the vibrational frequencies of the bonds. We then use this information to calculate the energy of the C=C bond.

2. What is the relationship between the energy of a C=C bond and the bond length?

The energy of a C=C bond is inversely proportional to the bond length. This means that as the bond length decreases, the energy increases. This relationship is known as the bond order, where a shorter bond length indicates a higher bond order and a stronger bond.

3. How does the energy of a C=C bond vary between fumaric and succinic acid?

The energy of a C=C bond can vary between fumaric and succinic acid due to the different molecular structures. Fumaric acid has a trans configuration, which results in a higher energy of the C=C bond compared to succinic acid, which has a cis configuration.

4. What factors can affect the energy of a C=C bond?

Several factors can affect the energy of a C=C bond, including the molecular structure, bond length, electronegativity of the atoms involved, and the presence of any functional groups. These factors can change the bond strength and result in a different energy for the C=C bond.

5. Why is it important to know the energy of a C=C bond in fumaric and succinic acid?

Knowing the energy of a C=C bond in fumaric and succinic acid can help us understand the chemical properties and reactivity of these molecules. It can also aid in predicting their behavior in various chemical reactions and can have implications in fields such as organic chemistry and biochemistry.

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