Calculation of Higher Heating Value of LPG

In summary, LPG is a commonly used fuel for SI engines, with a typical composition of 70% propane, 5% butane, and 25% propene. The higher heating values for these components are 50.38 MJ/kg, 49.56 MJ/kg, and 48.95 MJ/kg respectively. For stoichiometric combustion of 1 kmole of LPG with air, the overall reaction is C3H8+5O2+18.86N2 → 3CO2+4H2O+18.86N2 and the stoichiometric F/A and A/F ratios are 1/23.86 kmol and 23.86 kmol
  • #1
marellasunny
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Homework Statement


Liquid petroleum gas (LPG) is used to fuel SI engines. A typical sample of the fuel consists of 70% by volume propane (C3H8), 5% by volume butane (C4H10), and 25% by volume propene (C3H6). The higher heating values of the fuels are: propane, 50.38 MJ/kg; butane, 49.56 MJ/kg; propene (propylene), 48.95 MJ/kg. (A)Work out the overall combustion reaction for stoichiometric combustion of one kmole of LPG with air, and the stoichiometric F/A and A/F ratios. (B)What are the higher and lower heating values for combustion of this fuel with excess air, per unit mass of LPG?

Homework Equations



$$C_\alpha H_\beta +\frac{1}{\phi }(\alpha +\frac{\beta}{4})(O_2+3.772N_2)\rightarrow n_1CO_2+n_2H_{2}O+n_3O_2+n_4N_2$$

$$HHV=LHV+\frac{m_{H_2O}}{m_f}$$ where,
HHV-Higher heating Value,LHV-Lower Heating Value

The Attempt at a Solution

(my detailed hand-written solution is attached as thumbnail)

PART (A) question was answered(see below). PART(B) of the question I am struggling with.
a.I am not sure if my methodology of unit conversion is righti.e from ([itex]\frac{MJ }{kmol} to \frac{MJ}{kg}[/itex].
b.Is it right to calculate the HHV and LHV from {enthalpy of formation of product (with H2O as water and gas respectively)}-{enthalpy of formation of reactant}?
c.Enthalpy of formation of reactant=0.7hf_C3H8+0.05hf_C4H10+0.25hf_C3H6, IS THIS CALCULATION RIGHT?
 

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  • #2
PART (A)Reaction= C3H8+5O2+18.86N2 → 3CO2+4H2O+18.86N2Stoichiometric F/A = 1kmol/(5kmol+18.86kmol)=1/(23.86kmol)Stoichiometric A/F = 23.86kmol/1kmol
 

1. What is the definition of Higher Heating Value (HHV)?

Higher Heating Value (HHV) is a measure of the amount of heat released when a fuel is completely combusted in an environment where the water vapor in the exhaust is condensed and the heat is recovered. It takes into account the latent heat of vaporization of the water produced during combustion.

2. How is the Higher Heating Value of LPG calculated?

The Higher Heating Value of LPG is calculated by adding the heat of combustion of the individual components of LPG, such as propane, butane, and isobutane, weighted by their respective percentages in the fuel. This value is then adjusted for the latent heat of vaporization of water produced during combustion.

3. What is the unit of measurement for Higher Heating Value?

The unit of measurement for Higher Heating Value is Joules per gram (J/g) or British Thermal Units per pound (BTU/lb). This unit represents the amount of energy released when one gram or one pound of fuel is completely burned.

4. How does the Higher Heating Value affect the performance of LPG as a fuel?

The Higher Heating Value of LPG is a measure of the fuel's energy density, which is a key factor in determining its performance. A higher HHV indicates that a fuel can release more energy per unit of volume, making it a more efficient and powerful fuel.

5. Are there any other factors that can affect the Higher Heating Value of LPG?

Yes, there are several factors that can affect the Higher Heating Value of LPG, such as the purity of the fuel, the presence of impurities, and the temperature and pressure at which the fuel is burned. These factors can impact the composition of the exhaust gases and therefore affect the calculation of HHV.

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