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Entanglement
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HCl(l) + H2O → H+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
or is it
HCl(g)+ H2O → H+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
If HCL is liquid is it dil. or conc. ??
or is it
HCl(g)+ H2O → H+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
If HCL is liquid is it dil. or conc. ??
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Borek said:Neither - it is dissolved, (aq).
Liquid and dissolved are two different things.
ElmorshedyDr said:so this equation just represents adding more water to an HCl aqueous solution?
Oh sorry , I meant the first equation where the HCl is in an aqueous solutionBorek said:Yes, that's the closest description of the reality.
Note that your statement "this equation" is unclear, as you posted two equations, so it is not entirely clear.
How is HCl(aq) prepared in the first place ??Borek said:But the HCl dissociation is
HCl(aq) → H+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
Borek said:By dissolving gaseous HCl in water. If you would want to write the reaction equation it would be
HCl(g) → HCl(aq)
followed by the dissociation.
I don't get it, HCl never exists as a whole molecule in water ??Borek said:In the case of HCl things are more complicated, as HCl dissociates immediately, with both H+ and Cl- being strongly hydrated (surrounded by water molecules; water molecules are dipoles and are strongly attracted by small anions and cations).
Nothing is better than deep understandingBorek said:You really want to get that deep? Because details can get ugly.
I thought that solubility is only restricted to substances that dissociate in the solventBorek said:In general, dissolution doesn't mean creating typical chemical bonds between a solvent and a solute. However, they have to interact in some way (using Van der Waals' forces). Gases like nitrogen or oxygen, dissolve in water this way.
Are all acids/bases only acids or bases in solution?Borek said:HCl is a gas at STP, to make it liquid you need either low temp (boiling point around -85 °C) or high pressure. But even then it is hardly an acid, as HCl molecule is covalent. It requires water to dissociate and produce H+.
Yanick said:To illustrate this point we will get back to n-butanol, with a finite solubility in water (73 g/L according to Wikipedia). If you add a small amount of n-butanol to water, it will dissolve. Keep adding these amounts and you will reach a point where the solution is saturated and you will have a separation of the phases. You will observe two layers, one with the aqueous solution of water and n-butanol and one with n-butanol. This occurs because n-butanol has a finite solubility and once you hit the limit, no more solution can form.
Now I will wait for Borek to come tell me that everything I said is wrong
When acids are ionized, they exist in the aqueous state, meaning they are dissolved in water.
Acids become ionized when they release hydrogen ions (H+) into the solution. This process is also known as dissociation.
When acids are ionized, their physical properties change. They become more reactive and conduct electricity due to the presence of free ions in the solution.
Not all acids can be ionized. Some acids, like weak acids, only partially dissociate in water, while strong acids completely dissociate into ions.
The concentration of acid in a solution affects its ionization. Higher concentrations of acid will result in a higher number of ions being released, leading to a stronger acidic solution.