FeynmanIsCool said:Principles of Optics: Electromagnetic Theory of Propagation, Interference and Diffraction of Light ---By Max Born
Or
Modern Optics (Dover Books on Physics) gives a detailed math overview of Optics as a whole. Its only downfall is that their are not many illustrations (if you are visual learner)
Physical optics is the study of the behavior of light as it interacts with matter. This includes topics such as reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference.
Geometric optics focuses on the behavior of light as rays, while physical optics takes into account the wave nature of light and how it interacts with matter on a microscopic level.
Physical optics has many applications in technology, such as in the design of lenses for cameras and microscopes, the development of optical fibers for telecommunications, and the creation of optical instruments for medical imaging.
Physical optics explains color as the result of different wavelengths of light being reflected or absorbed by objects. The color we perceive is determined by the combination of wavelengths that are reflected back to our eyes.
Physical optics is considered a branch of both physics and optics, as it combines principles from both fields to study the behavior of light. However, it is often taught as a subfield of optics within the larger subject of physics.