Showing that weak induction and strong induction are equivalent

In summary, the principle of mathematical induction and strong induction are equivalent, meaning that each can be shown to be valid from the other. This is because assuming one as an axiom leads to the other always being true.
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Homework Statement



Show that the principle of mathematical induction and strong induction are equivalent; that is, each can be shown to be valid from the other.

Homework Equations



Weak induction:
[tex] (P(1) \wedge \forall k (P(k) \rightarrow P(k+1))) \rightarrow \forall n(P(n)) [/tex]
Strong induction:
[tex] (P(1) \wedge P(2) \wedge ... \wedge P(k) \wedge (P(k) \rightarrow P(k+1))) \rightarrow \forall n(P(n)) [/tex]

The Attempt at a Solution



First, I will try to show that, if weak induction is an axiom, then strong induction is always true. So, the following is always true:
[tex] (P(1) \wedge \forall k (P(k) \rightarrow P(k+1))) \rightarrow \forall n(P(n)) [/tex]
That is, if P(1) is true and P(k) implies P(k+1), then P(n) is true for all positive integers.
For this, assume that P(1) is true and, for some k, P(k) → P(k+1) is true, then P(n) is true for all positive integers. So, for this value of k, P(1), P(2), ..., P(k) are all true. Then, the assertion [itex]P(1) \wedge P(2) \wedge...\wedge P(k) \rightarrow P(k+1)[/itex] is true. So,
[tex] (P(1) \wedge P(2) \wedge ... \wedge P(k) \wedge (P(k) \rightarrow P(k+1))) \rightarrow \forall n(P(n)) [/tex]
is always true.
Is this part right?
 
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Next, I will try to show that, if strong induction is an axiom, then weak induction is always true. So, the following is always true: (P(1) \wedge P(2) \wedge ... \wedge P(k) \wedge (P(k) \rightarrow P(k+1))) \rightarrow \forall n(P(n)) That is, if P(1) is true and P(2), ..., P(k) are all true and P(k) implies P(k+1), then P(n) is true for all positive integers.For this, assume that P(1) is true, P(2), ..., P(k) are all true, and P(k) → P(k+1) is true. Then, the assertion P(k) \rightarrow P(k+1) is true for all k. So, (P(1) \wedge \forall k (P(k) \rightarrow P(k+1))) \rightarrow \forall n(P(n)) is always true.Is this part right?
 

1. What is weak induction?

Weak induction is a method of mathematical proof that involves using a base case and an inductive step to show that a statement is true for all natural numbers. It assumes that the statement is true for a specific number, and then shows that if it is true for that number, it must also be true for the next number.

2. What is strong induction?

Strong induction is also a method of mathematical proof that is similar to weak induction, but it assumes that the statement is true for all numbers less than or equal to a specific number, and then uses this assumption to prove that the statement is true for the next number. This method is also known as complete induction.

3. How are weak and strong induction related?

Weak and strong induction are equivalent methods of proof, meaning that they can be used interchangeably to prove a statement. This means that any proof using one method can also be rewritten using the other method without changing the validity of the proof.

4. Can all mathematical statements be proven using weak or strong induction?

No, not all mathematical statements can be proven using weak or strong induction. These methods are typically used to prove statements about natural numbers, but they may not be applicable to statements involving real numbers or other types of mathematical objects.

5. What are the advantages of using weak or strong induction in a proof?

The main advantage of using weak or strong induction is that it provides a systematic and rigorous way to prove statements that hold for all natural numbers. It also allows for concise and elegant proofs that do not require knowledge of specific properties of the natural numbers.

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