Standing sound waves for fundamental and first two overtones

In summary: However, the displacement nodes are not at the ends of the pipe, as was asked for. Instead, they are more centrally located.
  • #1
chaotiiic
26
0

Homework Statement


Standing sound waves are produced in a pipe that is 1.40 m long. For the
fundamental frequency and the first two overtones, determine the locations along the
pipe (measured from the left end) of the displacement nodes if the pipe is open at both
ends.


Homework Equations


fundamental frequency of tube with both ends open - L=λ/2
first overtone - L=2λ/2

The Attempt at a Solution


fundamental: λ=2.8m
first overtone: λ=1.4m
 
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  • #2
chaotiiic said:

Homework Statement


Standing sound waves are produced in a pipe that is 1.40 m long. For the
fundamental frequency and the first two overtones, determine the locations along the
pipe (measured from the left end) of the displacement nodes if the pipe is open at both
ends.


Homework Equations


fundamental frequency of tube with both ends open - L=λ/2
first overtone - L=2λ/2

The Attempt at a Solution


fundamental: λ=2.8m
first overtone: λ=1.4m

Those two wavelengths you have calculated are indeed correct, though you were also asked about the next overtone.

You are now after the position of the displacement nodes. in each of the 3 cases.

Do you know what a displacement node is and how to locate them?
 
  • #3
actually my teacher said there wasnt enough data given for the problem to be solved. :/
 
  • #4
The data is indeed not enough.

You are told that the pipe is open at both ends.

You also need to know if you are after the pressure nodes or the displacement nodes.(EDITED: READ FOOTNOTE BELOW)

Usually for sound we are after the pressure nodes/antinodes.

Now L=n(lambda/2)

as you correctly said.


Now, Ends of an open pipe are pressure nodes (Why?)

Calculate the position of other nodes using the value of wavelength you obtained.

Remember nodes are separated by a distance of lambda/2 from each other.


P.S.
Oh yeah.Its stated that you are after displacement nodes.

So you have all the data except speed of sound in air which you can take to be 340m/s.

Its needed for finding the frequency.

Remember, open ends of pipe are displacement antinodes
 
Last edited:
  • #5
chaotiiic said:
actually my teacher said there wasnt enough data given for the problem to be solved. :/

There is all the information you need!
1.4
0.7 and 2.1
You can work out the three for the second overtone.

EDIT: one of the points for the 2nd overtone [and the 4th, 6th 8th etc] is 1.4m - the others are 0.473 and 2.327

The easy way to work it out is

Fundamental - L/2
1st overtone - L/4, 3L/4
2nd overtone - L/6, 3L/6, 5L/6
3rd overtone - L/8, 3L/8, 5L/8, 7L/8

See the pattern evolving - now all you have to do is draw some diagrams to show why that is true !
 
Last edited:
  • #6
PeterO said:
There is all the information you need!
1.4
0.7 and 2.1
You can work out the three for the second overtone.

EDIT: one of the points for the 2nd overtone [and the 4th, 6th 8th etc] is 1.4m - the others are 0.473 and 2.327

The easy way to work it out is

Fundamental - L/2
1st overtone - L/4, 3L/4
2nd overtone - L/6, 3L/6, 5L/6
3rd overtone - L/8, 3L/8, 5L/8, 7L/8

See the pattern evolving - now all you have to do is draw some diagrams to show why that is true !

Just read OP and see I had the wrong pipe length when I gave numerical lengths.

Fundamental: 0.7
1st O'tone 0.35, 1.05
2nd O'tone 0.267 , 0.7, 1.167

The answers in terms of L are correct.
 

1. What are standing sound waves?

Standing sound waves are a type of sound wave that occurs when two identical waves with the same frequency and amplitude travel in opposite directions and interfere with each other. This creates a pattern of nodes and antinodes, resulting in a stationary wave.

2. What are fundamental and overtones in standing sound waves?

The fundamental is the lowest frequency at which a standing sound wave can occur, and it has the longest wavelength. The overtones are higher frequencies that are multiples of the fundamental frequency. The first overtone is twice the frequency of the fundamental, and the second overtone is three times the frequency of the fundamental.

3. How are standing sound waves produced?

Standing sound waves are produced by two identical waves traveling in opposite directions and interfering with each other. This can occur when a sound wave reflects off of a fixed boundary, such as a wall or a closed end of a tube.

4. What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency in standing sound waves?

In standing sound waves, the wavelength and frequency have an inverse relationship. This means that as the frequency increases, the wavelength decreases, and vice versa. This relationship is described by the formula: wavelength = (2 x length of the medium) / n, where n is the number of nodes in the standing wave.

5. How do standing sound waves affect the quality of sound?

The presence of standing sound waves can significantly affect the quality of sound. The nodes and antinodes in the standing wave pattern can amplify or cancel out certain frequencies, resulting in a distinct sound. This is why different instruments and objects produce unique sounds, as they have different standing wave patterns.

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