Torque is a measure of the twisting force applied to an object. It is typically measured in units of Newton-meters (Nm) or foot-pounds (ft-lb). It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction.
Flywheels use torque to store rotational energy. The greater the torque applied to a flywheel, the more energy it can store. This stored energy can then be released to power machinery or vehicles.
The formula for torque is: torque = force x lever arm. The force is the amount of push or pull applied to the object, and the lever arm is the distance from the force's point of application to the axis of rotation.
Angular acceleration is the rate of change of angular velocity over time. It is typically measured in units of radians per second squared (rad/s²). It describes how quickly an object's rotational speed is changing.
Torque is what causes angular acceleration in a flywheel. As torque is applied to the flywheel, it causes it to rotate faster, resulting in an increase in angular velocity and angular acceleration. The flywheel then stores this energy as rotational kinetic energy.