Probability: supply and demand

In summary, the conversation discusses the probability of a shortage occurring during the lead time of a replenishment order for a product with a given stock level and a continuous random variable lead time with an exponential distribution. The customer demand for the product follows a Poisson process with an average demand per day. Using the density functions for the lead time and daily demand, the probability of a shortage occurring can be calculated using the law of total probability or generating functions. Additionally, the expected value of the total shortage can be estimated using the formula: (lambda/m) - s. Further calculations are needed to account for the limiting behavior when m approaches zero.
  • #1
bigplanet401
104
0

Homework Statement


A replenishment order is placed to raise the stock level of a given product. The current stock level is s units. The lead time of the replenishment order is a continuous random variable having an exponential distribution with a mean of 1/m days. Customer demand for the product occurs according to a Poisson process with an average demand of [tex]\lambda[/tex] units per day. Each customer asks for one unit of the product. What is the probability of a shortage occurring during the replenishment lead time and what is the expected value of the total shortage?

Homework Equations


The lead time has density function
[tex]
\mathbb{P}\, [T=t] = m e^{-mt} \, .
[/tex]
Let D be the daily demand. Then D has density function
[tex]
\mathbb{P} \, [D = k] = \frac{\lambda^{-k} e^{-\lambda}}{k!}
[/tex]

The Attempt at a Solution


I'm not sure how to combine this information to get the probability of a shortage. Do you have to use the law of total probability or generating functions? My guess for the second part is

[tex]
\mathbb{E}\, = \frac{\lambda}{m} - s
[/tex]
 
Last edited:
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  • #2
bump

I did some more work on it, and tried the following:

P[Shortage within lead time] =
[tex]
\int_0^\infty d\tau \, \,m e^{-m\tau} \times \frac{(\lambda \tau)^s e^{-\lambda \tau}}{s!}\\
=\frac{m \lambda^s}{(m + \lambda)^{s+1}}
[/tex]

I think this is in the right direction, but it doesn't have the right limiting behavior for
[tex]m \rightarrow 0[/tex]. Help!
 

What is the relationship between probability and supply and demand?

The relationship between probability and supply and demand is that probability can be used to predict the likelihood of a certain level of demand for a product or service. This can help businesses make decisions about how much supply to produce in order to meet the demand.

How is probability used in supply and demand analysis?

Probability is used in supply and demand analysis to calculate the likelihood of certain events occurring, such as changes in consumer behavior or market trends. This information can then be used to make decisions about production levels, pricing, and other aspects of supply and demand management.

What factors influence the probability of supply and demand?

There are several factors that can influence the probability of supply and demand, including consumer preferences, market trends, economic conditions, and competition. These factors can impact the level of demand for a product or service, which in turn affects the probability of supply and demand.

How does the law of supply and demand relate to probability?

The law of supply and demand states that the price of a product or service will adjust to bring the supply and demand into equilibrium. Probability can help determine the likelihood of this equilibrium being reached, as well as the potential impact of external factors on the supply and demand of a product or service.

How can businesses use probability to make strategic decisions about supply and demand?

Businesses can use probability to make strategic decisions about supply and demand by analyzing data and trends to predict future demand levels. This information can then be used to adjust production levels, pricing strategies, and other aspects of supply and demand management in order to optimize profits and meet consumer demand.

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