Induced charge refers to the separation of positive and negative charges in a conductor that is brought near an external electric field. This separation is caused by the redistribution of electrons within the conductor.
Induced charge is different from static charge in that it is temporary and only occurs when a conductor is placed in an external electric field. Static charge, on the other hand, is a permanent imbalance of electric charges on an object.
The mechanism behind induced charge is the movement of free electrons within a conductor in response to an external electric field. When a conductor is placed in an electric field, the electrons within it shift to one end, creating a temporary separation of charges.
Yes, induced charge can be controlled by changing the strength or direction of the external electric field. This can be done by altering the distance between the conductor and the source of the electric field, or by changing the magnitude and direction of the electric field itself.
Induced charge has various practical applications, including electrostatic painting, electrostatic precipitators for air pollution control, and capacitive touch screens on electronic devices. It is also used in scientific research to study the behavior of electric fields and charges.