The 3-Dimensional/4-Dimensional Hypotheisis Of The Universe

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In summary, the 3-Dimensional/4-Dimensional Hypothesis of the Universe proposes that the Big Bang was caused by a compression of Tachyons by Gravitons in 4-Dimensional space, creating the 3-Dimensional Universe. The expansion and contraction of 3-Dimensional space is influenced by the ratio of Tachyons to Gravitons in 4-Dimensional space, and this energy exchange between dimensions is what we call time. This hypothesis also explains the concept of dark energy and dark matter, and how energy and matter were created and evolved in the expanding Universe. The current expansion of the Universe will eventually slow down and time will cease to exist once the ratio of Tachyons to Gravit
  • #1
dperez3894
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The 3-Dimensional/4-Dimensional Hypothesis Of The Universe
by
Dan Perez
dperez3894@modempool.com
© 5/31/2003 - 3:40 AM
Update 8/20/2003 - 5:25 AM
Update 5/26/2004 - 2:33 AM
Update 6/01/2004 - 3:28 AM
Update 6/27/2004 - 5:10 AM
Update 6/28/2004 - 3:13 AM

The following is a step-by-step hypothesis of how the 3-Dimensional universe may have been created and how it currently functions as a whole.

Creation Of The Big Bang
----------------------------------
Two major classes of particles are distributed in varying ratios throughout 4-Dimensional space; Gravitons and Tachyons. In Zero Point Energy and Casimir Experiment theories there are references to "virtual particle pairs", especially when observed from a 3-Dimensional point of view. These "virtual particle pairs" are Gravitons and Tachyons.

Before the Big Bang in 4-Dimensional space, a mass of Gravitons compressed a mass of Tachyons into a compact sphere.


The Big Bang
-------------------
The compression of the Tachyons broke down 4-Dimensional space within the mass of Tachyons into 3-Dimensional space. The breakdown of 4-Dimensional space released a huge amount of energy within the newly created sphere of 3-Dimensional space.

The explosion of energy within the sphere of 3-Dimensional space began the expansion of the spherical 3-Dimensional Universe. The rapid expansion from nothingness, as seen from a 3-Dimensional perspective inside the spherical Universe, is called the Big Bang.


Expansion and Contraction of 3-Dimensional Space
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Tachyons in 4-Dimensional space exert their influence on 3-Dimensional space by expanding it. The rate of expansion of 3-Dimensional space depends on the density of Tachyons in 4-Dimensional space.

Gravitions in 4-Dimensional space exert their influence on 3-Dimensional space by contracting it. The rate of contraction of 3-Dimensional space depends on the density of Gravitons in 4-Dimensional space.

A high ratio of Tachyons as compared to Gravitions are distributed within a sphere of 4-Dimensional space which exists in the EXACT SAME LOCATION as the sphere of 3-Dimensional space created during the Big Bang.


Early Expansion Of The 3-Dimensional Universe
------------------------------------------------------------------
During the Big Bang, the expansion of the 3-Dimensional Universe was rapid due to the very high ratio of Tachyons to Gravitions within the sphere of 4-Dimensional space.

Over billions of years the ratio of Tachyons to Gravitions within the 4-Dimensional sphere decreased, due to the slow dispersal of Tachyons from the 4-Dimensional sphere to the rest of 4-Dimensional space and slowed down the expansion of the 3-Dimensional Universe to it's present rate.


Dark Energy
-----------------
The expansion of the 3-Dimensional Universe is caused by the slightly higher ratio of Tachyons to Gravitions within the 4-Dimensional sphere. This expansion is what mainstream science calls "Dark Energy".


Dark Matter
----------------
The 4-Dimensional Gravitons and Tachyons that were enveloped over billions of years by the expanding 3-Dimensional Universe/4-Dimensional Sphere since the Big Bang is what mainstream science calls "Dark Matter".


Origins of Energy & Matter
------------------------------------
The expansion of the 3-Dimensional Universe through 4-Dimensional space created an an energy exchange between 3-Dimensional space and 4-Dimensional space.

The energy exchange between 3-Dimensional and 4-Dimensional space manifested as gravity, electro-magnetic energy, nuclear energy and increasingly complex energy patterns(superstrings) which evolved into matter(subquarks --> quarks --> protons, neutrons, electrons --> atoms --> molecules) while the 3-Dimensional Universe expanded through 4-Dimensional space.


Definition of Time
------------------------
The rate of energy exchange between 3-Dimensional and 4-Dimensional space is what we call "Time". The simple defintion of time is the following;

Time - the rate of energy exchange between dimensions.


4-Dimensional & 3-Dimensional Energy
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In 4-Dimensional space, Gravitions and Tachyons as well as 4-Dimensional energy carried by those two classes of particles, travels faster than the speed of light.

When 4-Dimensional energy carried by Gravitions and Tachyons encounters 3-Dimensional space, it breaks down into 3-Dimensional energy and instantaneously slows down to the speed of light, similar to a light photon traveling at the speed of light entering a piece of glass and transferring it's energy inside the glass at a slower rate, one atom at a time, until it reaches the other side of the glass.


Relativity and the 3-Dimensional/4-Dimensional Energy Exchange
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According to Relativity, when a 3-Dimensional object approaches the speed of light in normal space, it's 3-Dimensional time slows down.

Time(the rate of energy exchange between 3-Dimensional and 4-Dimensional space) slows down within a 3-Dimensional object approaching the speed of light because the 3-Dimensional energy contained within the object is nearing the speed threshold for 4-Dimensional energy.

At the speed of light, 3-Dimensional time ceases to exist within the object from a 3-Dimensional point of view because energy is no longer being exchanged between 3-Dimensional space and 4-Dimensional space within the object.

When a 3-Dimensional object approaches the speed of light in relation to normal space, it's 3-Dimensional mass increases. The 3-Dimensional mass can be represented by a rearrangement of E=mc^2;

Mass = E/c^2

An increase in energy logically increases the mass in the rearranged equation. When a 3-Dimensional object nears the speed of light, 3-Dimensional energy within the object overlaps with 4-Dimensional energy at the quantum level and increases the mass of the object.

The mass increases because of the increasing amplitude of superstring vibration caused by the overlap of 3-Dimensional and 4-Dimensional energy within every subatomic particle of the 3-Dimensional object.

At the speed of light, the superstring vibration amplitude increases to infinity which results in infinite mass in the object from a 3-Dimensional point of view.


Current Expansion of the 3-Dimensional Universe
-------------------------------------------------------------------
The current expansion of the 3-Dimensional Universe will continue to slow down until the ratio of Tachyons to Gravitons is nearly even in 4-Dimensional space.


End of the 3-Dimensional Universe
-----------------------------------------------
Once the expansion of the Universe stops, time will cease to exist since energy is no longer being exchanged between 4-Dimensional space and 3-Dimensional space.

Once the energy exchange between 3-Dimensional and 4-Dimensional space ceases to exist due to the even ratio of Tachyons to Gravitons in 4-Dimensional space, the Universe will undergo what mainstream science calls the "Heat death of the Universe".

------------------

I've been thinking and making updates to this hypothesis for well over a year and I'd like to get some opinions on how plausible it might be in regards to mainstream science.
 
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  • #2
[\quote]Two major classes of particles are distributed in varying ratios throughout 4-Dimensional space; Gravitons and Tachyons[/quote]


We are in a 3+1 DIMENSIONAL SPACETIME?..just where are these Gravitons and Tachyons by the way?

According to theory Gravitons cannot exist within a 4-D spacetime!
 
  • #3
Olias said:
We are in a 3+1 DIMENSIONAL SPACETIME?..just where are these Gravitons and Tachyons by the way?

We are in 3 Dimensional space. Time is NOT a dimension. If you keep reading you will see in the hypothesis that Time is the rate of energy exchange between dimensions. As I said in the above post, both Gravitions and Tachyons exist in 4-Dimensional space.

Olias said:
According to theory Gravitons cannot exist within a 4-D spacetime!

What kind of theory? A 3-Dimensional theory? As I said before, Time is NOT a dimension. It's the rate of energy exchange between dimensions.

The misconception of space and time being one item and time being a dimension happened long before Einstein developed the Theory of Relativity. The misconception began with Oliver Heaviside, who edited the quaternions of James Clerk Maxwell. Maxwell's original quaternions, which numbered over two hundred, included four dimensions. In 1800's terminology, Maxwell called the 4th Dimension the "Aether".

Heaviside heavily edited Maxwell's quaternions to eliminate the "Aether"(4th Dimension) and left science with the misconception that there were only 3-dimensions and time as a 4th dimension. By editing Maxwell's quaternions into the four "Maxwell Equations", Heaviside also inadvertently edited scientific exploration itself and trapped research in a paradigm of 3 dimensions and time as a supposed 4th dimension.

By the time Einstein developed Relativity from the edited "Maxwell Equations", science was limited by 3 dimensions and the misconception of time as a 4th dimension.

Was Einstein wrong? No, he was 100 percent correct from a 3-Dimensional point of view. Yes, Relativity is real but it's limited to the 3-Dimensional paradigm originally started by Heavisides editing of Maxwell's quaternions.

My hypothesis simply tries to undo the damage done to scientific exploration by Heaviside's editing of Maxwell's original quaternions.

Your reaction is understandable. It's like the story Dr. Kaku talks about in his "Hyperspace" book where a fish is taken out of his 2-Dimensional world into 3-Dimensional space and sees things from a 3-Dimensional perspective. When the fish is returned to the 2-Dimensional world, none of the other fish believe what he saw because they still percieve everything from a 2-Dimensional point of view.

The same thing happened to Maxwell, George Bernard Reimann(invented the idea of "hyperspace" in 1854), several others and yours truly. We see things from a 4-Dimensional point of view, but those trained in science from a 3-Dimensional point of view refuse to see this new reality because they still percieve everything from a 3-Dimensional point of view.

Open your mind to new realities. Science is about exploring and discovering new ideas, not quoting the status quo.
 
  • #4
I do not want to disagree with some of your analysis on 'Time', but for clarity only, you started with a: 4-Dimensional space.

Are you stipulating a 4-D space without a Time Parimiter?
 
  • #5
Olias said:
I do not want to disagree with some of your analysis on 'Time', but for clarity only, you started with a: 4-Dimensional space.

Are you stipulating a 4-D space without a Time Parimiter?

I suspect 4-D space has time but not the 3-Dimensional time we're familar with.

Since Time is the rate of energy exchange between dimensions then;

The rate of energy exchange between the 3rd and 4th Dimensions results in 3-Dimensional time while the energy exchange between the 4th and 5th dimensions results in 4-Dimensional time.

And if you were to keep going;

Rate of Energy exchange between the 5th & 6th Dimensions = 5th Dimensional Time

Rate of Energy exchange between the 6th & 7th Dimensions = 6th Dimensional Time

Rate of Energy exchange between the 7th & 8th Dimensions = 7th Dimensional Time

Rate of Energy exchange between the 8th & 9th Dimensions = 8th Dimensional Time

Rate of Energy exchange between the 9th and 10th Dimensions = 9th Dimensional Time

and so on if you take it up to 26 dimensions in some theories.

Time exists as long there's an energy exchange between dimensions.

Therefore with the new defintion of time in my original hypothesis;

3-D Space = 3 Dimensions
3-D Time = Rate of energy exchange between 3rd & 4th Dimensions
Kaluza-Klein's 5th Dimension(discussed in Kaku's book) = 4th Dimension
 
  • #6
If you extend your Hypothesis backwards (assuming you allow for a starting symmetry?) then you end up with a single dimension, you cannot have two different energies other than deviding, thus by your own description I am going to assume that your initial dimension would end up going backwards, deviding into two 1/2 dimensions?..what I am asking is what is your foundational 'primordial' dimension.

I understand your 'entangled' dimensional viewpoint, with 'Time' the boundery event-frame, but symmetry in the early 'period' would have to have 'time' in both your foundational energy frames, this would stall your dynamical process below a third-dimension, Entropy would inflict serious damage either side of your 2-D and 3-D envelope's?
 
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  • #7
Olias said:
If you extend your Hypothesis backwards (assuming you allow for a starting symmetry?) then you end up with a single dimension, you cannot have two different energies other than deviding, thus by your own description I am going to assume that your initial dimension would end up going backwards, deviding into two 1/2 dimensions?..what I am asking is what is your foundational 'primordial' dimension.

If I were to start with the 1st dimension, then the interaction of the 1st Dimension with the 2nd would result in 1 Dimensional time and the interaction of the 2nd Dimension with the 3rd would result in 3 Dimensional time.

Since I stated in my hypothesis that time is the rate of energy exchange between dimensions, I'll assume that time flows at different rates depending on the complexity of the dimensions that are interacting.

The interaction of the most simple dimensions have the slowest time flows while interaction of more complex dimensions have faster time flows.

Therefore if a 2-Dimensional being were to look into a 1-Dimensional world, the time in the 1st Dimension could pass by slowly because the 2-Dimensional being is moving much faster in it's 2-Dimensional time.

If a 3-Dimensional being were to look into a 2-D world, the time in 2nd Dimension could pass by slowly because the 3-Dimensional being is moving much faster in it's 3-Dimensional time.

The same could be true if a 4-Dimensional being were to look into a 3-dimensional world and saw time in the 3rd Dimension passing by slowly because the 4-Dimensional being is moving much faster in it's 4-Dimensional time.

Like the analogy Dr. Kaku used in "Hyperspace" with a 2-Dimensional Flatlander being put in a circular jail cell, a 3-Dimensional being could reach in, pull the Flatlander out of his jail cell and put him somewhere else in Flatland.

From other Flatlanders point of view, the jailed Flatlander would disappear instantly and reappear instantly someplace else. Kind of like someone being moved around by the "Q" on Star Trek. Why? Because the flow of time for the 3-Dimensional being is moving much faster in 3-D space compared to the flow of time in 2-D Space.

The same analogy would apply if a jailed 3-Dimensional being were taken out of their jail cell by a 4-Dimensional being and put someplace else in 3-D space. The jailed 3-Dimensional being would dissappear instantly and reappear instantly someplace else. Like the previous analogy, the flow of time for the 4-Dimensional being is moving much faster in 4-Dimensional space compared to the flow of time in 3-Dimensional space.

Olias said:
I understand your 'entangled' dimensional viewpoint, with 'Time' the boundery event-frame, but symmetry in the early 'period' would have to have 'time' in both your foundational energy frames, this would stall your dynamical process below a third-dimension, Entropy would inflict serious damage either side of your 2-D and 3-D envelope's?

If the 1st dimension is the base dimension, then there would be nothing below the 1st dimension for the 1st dimension to interact with unless "scalars" are considered a dimension as well; i.e. Dimension Zero.

0D = Scalars
1D = Lines
2D = Polygons, Circles
3D = Cubes, Spheres, Cones
4D = Hypercubes, Hyperspheres

Perhaps Scalars are the primordial dimension; i.e. 0-D Space.
 

1. What is the 3-Dimensional/4-Dimensional Hypothesis of the Universe?

The 3-Dimensional/4-Dimensional Hypothesis of the Universe is a theory that proposes the existence of additional dimensions beyond the three dimensions (length, width, and height) that we are familiar with in our everyday lives. It suggests that the universe may actually have four dimensions, with the fourth dimension being time.

2. How does the 3-Dimensional/4-Dimensional Hypothesis explain the universe?

This hypothesis suggests that the universe is not only expanding in the three dimensions we can perceive, but also in the fourth dimension of time. This expansion can help explain the observed movement of galaxies and the overall shape and structure of the universe.

3. What evidence supports the 3-Dimensional/4-Dimensional Hypothesis?

One of the main pieces of evidence for this hypothesis is the observed redshift of distant galaxies, which suggests that they are moving away from us in all directions. Additionally, the theory of relativity also supports the idea of a four-dimensional universe, as it suggests that space and time are interconnected.

4. How does the 3-Dimensional/4-Dimensional Hypothesis differ from other theories of the universe?

The 3-Dimensional/4-Dimensional Hypothesis differs from other theories, such as the Big Bang theory, in that it suggests the universe may have more dimensions than we can perceive. It also offers a different explanation for the expansion of the universe, as it takes into account the fourth dimension of time.

5. What implications does the 3-Dimensional/4-Dimensional Hypothesis have for our understanding of the universe?

This hypothesis challenges our traditional understanding of the universe and opens up the possibility of there being more dimensions than we can perceive. It also has implications for the study of gravity and the fundamental laws of physics, as they may operate differently in higher dimensions.

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