Extra energy from capacitor problem

In summary, when a parallel plate capacitor is charged by a battery and then disconnected, the separation between the plates is doubled. Despite this, the electric field remains the same due to constant charge. However, the voltage and energy both double due to the relationship V=Ed and U=0.5QV. The extra energy comes from the work done on the plates to increase their separation. This results in an increase in the total energy stored, as well as a constant force of attraction between the plates due to F=EQ. Additionally, the energy is stored in the electric field, not in the plates themselves.
  • #1
indigojoker
246
0
a parallel plate capacitor is charged by a battery and then disconnected from the battery. the separation between the plates is doubled...

the E-field stays the same since charge is constant
the voltage doubles since V=Ed
the energy doubles since U=0.5QV

I was wondering, where does this extra energy come from?

does total energy increase?
 
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  • #2
Hint: There will be a force of attraction between the two plates...
 
  • #3
the force should stay the same since it's F=EQ

how does that play into the increase in energy?
 
  • #4
It takes work to increase the distance between the plates. You have to do work on the plates to get them apart further.
 
  • #5
so the work done on the plates translate to energy stored in the plates? so the total energy does increase.
 
  • #6
indigojoker said:
so the work done on the plates translate to energy stored in the plates? so the total energy does increase.
Energy stored in the electric field increases, the energy isn't actually stored in the plates. And yes, the total energy stored increases.
 

1. How can a capacitor provide extra energy?

A capacitor can provide extra energy by storing electrical charge. When a voltage is applied to the capacitor, it stores energy in the form of an electric field between its two conductive plates. This stored energy can then be released when the capacitor discharges.

2. What is the formula for calculating the energy stored in a capacitor?

The formula for calculating the energy stored in a capacitor is E= 1/2 * C * V^2, where E is the energy in joules, C is the capacitance in Farads, and V is the voltage across the capacitor.

3. Can a capacitor provide more energy than it initially stores?

No, a capacitor cannot provide more energy than it initially stores. The energy stored in a capacitor is limited by its capacitance and the voltage applied to it. Once the capacitor reaches its maximum charge, it cannot store any more energy.

4. How can I increase the energy output from a capacitor?

To increase the energy output from a capacitor, you can either increase the capacitance or the voltage. Increasing the capacitance will increase the amount of charge the capacitor can store, while increasing the voltage will increase the potential energy of the capacitor.

5. Are there any safety precautions to consider when working with capacitors for extra energy?

Yes, there are some safety precautions to consider when working with capacitors. Since they can store and discharge large amounts of energy, it is important to discharge them before handling them. It is also important to use the correct voltage rating for the capacitor to prevent damage or injury. If you are unsure about working with capacitors, it is best to seek the help of a trained professional.

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