Here's a good page from the people who run the SOHO solar observatory:Reshma said:
Flares can eject large masses of protons (ionized hydrogen atoms) toward the Earth. They interact with the magnetic field of the earth, and their movements create large amounts of interference -- broadband, high-amplitude electromagnetic noise. In addition, they strike satellites, penetrating into their microchips and memories, sometimes damaging the chips permanently.
A high frequency of dead satellites, thus an economic problem.
Solar flares are caused by intense magnetic field fluctuations on the surface of the sun. These fluctuations can be triggered by interactions between the sun's magnetic field lines, or by the release of energy from sunspots.
Solar flares can have a range of effects on Earth, including disruptions to radio and satellite communications, power grid malfunctions, and increased radiation exposure for astronauts and airline passengers. They can also create spectacular auroras in the Earth's atmosphere.
While we can monitor the sun for signs of potential solar flares, accurately predicting when and where they will occur is still a challenge. However, advancements in technology and research have allowed for some level of forecasting and warning for potential solar flares.
Solar flares can have a significant impact on human technology, particularly on our communication and power systems. They can disrupt satellite and radio communications, cause blackouts in power grids, and even damage sensitive electronics on spacecraft.
To mitigate the effects of solar flares, scientists and engineers are working on developing better forecasting and warning systems, as well as improving the resilience of our technological systems. This includes hardening infrastructure and developing backup systems that can withstand the effects of solar flares.