Does spin change under Lorentz boosts?

In summary, the spin of a particle does change under Lorentz boosts, but the spin 1/2 value is valid in all reference frames due to the fact that the S² operator commutes with all Lorentz generators. However, for moving particles, it is not straightforward to interpret the Pauli-Lubanski vector as a spin vector as it has a time component and the three space components do not have the expected norm.
  • #1
QuantumCosmo
29
0
Hi,
I was wondering if the spin of a particle changed under Lorentz boosts. I think what it comes down to is if S^2 commutes with the generators of Lorentz boosts (the components of S only generate the rotations of the spinor I think). I think that should be true (an electron should always be a spin 1/2 particle in every coordinate system). So I hope S^2 commutes with those generators?
The next question is: What about the spin direction? Take S_z for example. Does S_z commute with the generators of Lorentz boosts? If an electron has spin up in one coordinate system, does it have spin up in all others too?
(For rotations that is obviously not true. If we rotate the system around the x axis, a particle that was previously characterized by spin in the z direction will now have a component in the y direction too because S_z and S_x don't commute)
Thank you,
QuantumCosmo
 
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  • #2
Spin orientation does change, but spin 1/2 which should better read S² = 1/2 * (1/2 + 1) = 3/4 is valid in all reference frames. This due the fact that the S² is something like the second Casimir (p²=m² is the first) and therefore commutes with all Lorentz generators. More exactly, one has to use the Pauli-Lubanski operator W instead of S; for W one finds W² = -m² s (s+1) which is a c-number.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauli-lubanski_pseudovector
 
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  • #3
Note that it is not straightforward to interpret the Pauli-Lubanski vector as a spin vector when the particle is moving. Wμ is orthogonal to Pμ in the four-dimensional sense, so for a moving particle Wμ will have a time component. And of course the three space components (Wx, Wy, Wz) taken by themselves won't have the expected norm.
 

What is spin in the context of physics?

Spin is a property of particles in quantum mechanics that is related to their intrinsic angular momentum. It is a quantum mechanical property that cannot be directly observed, but its effects can be seen in experiments.

Does spin change under Lorentz boosts?

Yes, spin does change under Lorentz boosts. A Lorentz boost is a transformation that relates the observations of an object in one reference frame to the observations of the same object in another reference frame that is moving at a constant velocity relative to the first frame. Under this transformation, the spin of a particle changes in a predictable way.

What is the significance of spin changing under Lorentz boosts?

The fact that spin changes under Lorentz boosts is important because it helps us understand the behavior of particles in different reference frames. This allows us to make accurate predictions about how particles will behave under different conditions, which is crucial for many areas of physics, including particle physics and cosmology.

Are there any exceptions to spin changing under Lorentz boosts?

Yes, there are some exceptions to spin changing under Lorentz boosts. For example, particles with zero spin, such as photons, do not experience a change in spin under a Lorentz boost. Additionally, some theories in physics, such as supersymmetry, predict the existence of particles with half-integer spin that do not change under Lorentz boosts.

How is spin related to other properties of particles?

Spin is related to other properties of particles, such as mass and charge. In fact, the spin of a particle is one of the quantum numbers that is used to classify particles and determine their properties. For example, particles with half-integer spin are fermions, while particles with integer spin are bosons.

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