Reynolds Number is a dimensionless number used to predict the type of flow in a fluid system. It is named after Osborne Reynolds, a British engineer who first described its significance.
Reynolds Number is calculated by multiplying the fluid's density by its velocity and diameter, then dividing by its viscosity. The formula is Re = (density * velocity * diameter) / viscosity.
Reynolds Number is important because it helps determine whether a fluid flow is laminar or turbulent, which can greatly affect the efficiency and performance of a system. It also helps predict the occurrence of flow separation, pressure drops, and other phenomena.
Reynolds Number can be divided into three ranges: laminar flow (Re < 2300), transitional flow (2300 < Re < 4000), and turbulent flow (Re > 4000). Laminar flow is characterized by smooth, orderly movement of fluid particles, while turbulent flow is chaotic and unpredictable.
Reynolds Number can be affected by various factors, including fluid velocity, viscosity, density, and diameter. Changes in these parameters can cause the flow regime to shift from laminar to turbulent or vice versa. Additionally, changes in fluid temperature and surface roughness can also affect Reynolds Number.