Quantum Tunneling, Coulomb Barriers and Fusion

In summary, the conversation discusses the search for experimental evidence of quantum tunneling during a fusion reaction. It is noted that the observed energies for fusion are much lower than predicted by Coulomb's model, leading to the question of whether this is evidence of tunneling or if there is another explanation for the lower energies. The conversation ends with uncertainty about the answer to this question.
  • #1
inflector
344
2
I'm trying to find the experimental evidence for quantum tunneling during a fusion reaction.

Take the simple D + D -> T + P reaction.

I know that the energies required to make this happen are much lower in actual experiment than what would be predicted by Coulomb's model of the electrical forces generated by the two +1 charges of the respective deuterons. That is to say we see fusion at energies much lower than that required to breach the Coulomb barrier.

Is this a case where we say: "Well, the fusion takes place at lower energies, therefore it must be tunneling?"

Or is there some other independent evidence for the tunneling? How do we know, for example, that Coulomb's law does not break down at very small distances as an alternative explanation?
 
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  • #2
Is this a hard question or just an uninteresting one?
 
  • #3
No one knows?
 

Q1: What is quantum tunneling?

Quantum tunneling is a phenomenon in quantum mechanics where a particle can pass through a potential energy barrier even though it does not have enough energy to overcome it. This is possible because of the wave-like nature of particles at the quantum level.

Q2: What is a Coulomb barrier?

A Coulomb barrier, also known as an electrostatic barrier, is a type of potential energy barrier that exists between two charged particles. It is created by the repulsive force between the particles due to their electric charge, and it must be overcome for the particles to interact or fuse.

Q3: How does quantum tunneling relate to Coulomb barriers?

Quantum tunneling allows particles to pass through Coulomb barriers, even though classically they would not have enough energy to do so. This is because at the quantum level, particles can behave as waves and thus can exist on both sides of the barrier simultaneously, allowing them to tunnel through.

Q4: What is fusion?

Fusion is a nuclear reaction where two or more atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus. This process releases a large amount of energy, as predicted by Einstein's famous equation, E=mc². Fusion is the process that powers the sun and other stars.

Q5: How do Coulomb barriers affect fusion reactions?

Coulomb barriers play a crucial role in fusion reactions. In order for fusion to occur, the nuclei of two atoms must come close enough for the strong nuclear force to overcome the Coulomb repulsion and bind them together. This requires extremely high temperatures and pressures, such as those found in the core of the sun or in a fusion reactor.

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