Understanding Conventional Current and Electron Flow

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In summary, the discussion is about the direction of conventional current and electron flow in a D.C. circuit. While conventional current moves from higher potential to lower potential, the electron flow is opposite. This can be explained by considering the polarity of charges in electrostatic equations, where the work done is manifested as heat loss.
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Oerg
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Conventional Current?

Hi guys,

I have a pretty simple conceptual problem that has been bugging me for a while. In a D.C. circuit, the conventional current moves from higher potential to lower potential. But the electron flow is opposite that of the conventional current. That means that the electrons move from lower potential to higher potential?? How can that be possible, since the heat loss in the wires should arise in electron flow from higher to lower potential.
 
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When a charge moves from potential V1 to V2, work done = q(V2-V1). This work done is manifested as heat loss. Since q for an electron is negative, V2-V1 is also negative to make work done positive, => v2<V1.
 
  • #3
ohhhhhhhhhhhhhh so you can consider charges with the polarity in the electrostatic equations! Well, i guess my teacher was too lazy and taught the topic using modulus.
 

1. What is conventional current?

Conventional current is a model used to describe the flow of electric charge in a circuit. It is defined as the hypothetical flow of positive charge from the positive terminal to the negative terminal of a battery or power source.

2. How is conventional current different from electron flow?

Conventional current assumes that the flow of electric charge is from positive to negative, while the actual flow of electrons is from negative to positive. This is due to the historical convention of assigning positive charge to protons, which are stationary in an atom, and negative charge to electrons, which are mobile.

3. Why is conventional current used instead of electron flow?

Conventional current is used because it simplifies the analysis of circuits and is consistent with the direction of the electric field. It also aligns with the direction of current flow in most conductors, which are made of positively charged ions.

4. How is conventional current measured?

Conventional current is measured in units of amperes (A), which is the amount of charge passing through a point in a circuit per unit of time. It can be measured using an ammeter, which is connected in series with the circuit and measures the current flow at a specific point.

5. Is conventional current always the same as electron flow?

No, conventional current and electron flow can be different in some cases. One example is in a circuit with both positive and negative charges, where the net flow of charge may be in a direction opposite to the conventional current. Another example is in semiconductors, where the movement of both positive and negative charges contributes to current flow.

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