Alkylation of acetyl anions They say only primary halides are used, so ?

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In summary: Remember that the halide must be primary for this reaction. Therefore, only (CH3)2CHC(triple bond)CH can be formed with 1. NaNH2 and 2. CH3CH2Br.
  • #1
Lo.Lee.Ta.
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"Remember that the alkyne must be a terminal alkyne and the halide must be primary. More than one combination of terminal alkyne and halide may be possible."
-This is what it says in the solutions manual of my Ochem book.

In the first practice problem, they asked what you'd add to form
CH3CH2CH2C(triple bond)CCH3.

So the answer is CH3CH2CH2C(triple bond)C with 1. NaNH2 and 2. CH3Br
~OR~ HC(triple bond)CCH3 with 1. NaNH2 and 2. CH3CH2CH2Br

But I thought they said only primary halides can be used...?

Encyclopedia Britannica defines an alkyl halide as this: "In a primary alkyl halide, the carbon that bears the halogen is directly bonded to one other carbon, in a secondary alkyl halide to two, and in a tertiary alkyl halide to three."

primaryhalide.gif


But how come we used a secondary halide in the 2nd possible reaction?
CH3CH2CH2Br is a secondary halide, right?

In the second practice problem, it asks how we can form (CH3)2CHC(triple bond)CCH2CH3

So the answer is only one possible reaction: (CH3)2CHC(triple bond)CH with 1. NaNH2 and 2. CH3CH2Br

But why can't we also have another possible reaction using HC(triple bond)CCH2CH3 with
1. NaNH2 and 2. (CH3)2CHBr ?

Thanks so much for your help! :)
 
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  • #2
Lo.Lee.Ta. said:
"Remember that the alkyne must be a terminal alkyne and the halide must be primary. More than one combination of terminal alkyne and halide may be possible."
-This is what it says in the solutions manual of my Ochem book.

In the first practice problem, they asked what you'd add to form
CH3CH2CH2C(triple bond)CCH3.

So the answer is CH3CH2CH2C(triple bond)C with 1. NaNH2 and 2. CH3Br
~OR~ HC(triple bond)CCH3 with 1. NaNH2 and 2. CH3CH2CH2Br

But I thought they said only primary halides can be used...?

Encyclopedia Britannica defines an alkyl halide as this: "In a primary alkyl halide, the carbon that bears the halogen is directly bonded to one other carbon, in a secondary alkyl halide to two, and in a tertiary alkyl halide to three."

primaryhalide.gif


But how come we used a secondary halide in the 2nd possible reaction?
CH3CH2CH2Br is a secondary halide, right?

No. CH3CH2CH2Br is a primary halide. CH3Br isn't though.

In the second practice problem, it asks how we can form (CH3)2CHC(triple bond)CCH2CH3

So the answer is only one possible reaction: (CH3)2CHC(triple bond)CH with 1. NaNH2 and 2. CH3CH2Br

But why can't we also have another possible reaction using HC(triple bond)CCH2CH3 with
1. NaNH2 and 2. (CH3)2CHBr ?

Thanks so much for your help! :)

Because (CH3)2CHBr is a secondary halide.
 

1. What is alkylation of acetyl anions?

Alkylation of acetyl anions is a chemical process in which an alkyl group is added to the acetyl anion, resulting in the formation of a new organic compound.

2. How is alkylation of acetyl anions carried out?

Alkylation of acetyl anions is typically carried out by reacting the acetyl anion with a primary halide in the presence of a base, such as potassium hydroxide.

3. Why are only primary halides used in alkylation of acetyl anions?

Only primary halides are used in alkylation of acetyl anions because they are less reactive than secondary or tertiary halides, making the reaction more controllable.

4. What are the applications of alkylation of acetyl anions?

Alkylation of acetyl anions is commonly used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other organic compounds.

5. Are there any limitations or challenges in alkylation of acetyl anions?

One limitation of alkylation of acetyl anions is that the reaction may result in unwanted side products due to the high reactivity of the acetyl anion. Additionally, the use of strong bases can lead to overalkylation, which can be challenging to control.

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