How Do Voltage and Current Behave in Series and Parallel Light Bulb Circuits?

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In summary, in a parallel circuit, each bulb has the same voltage and in a series circuit, the voltage is divided between the bulbs. The current in a parallel circuit is the sum of the currents through each bulb, while in a series circuit, the current is the same through each bulb. To determine the resistance and current in each bulb, you can use the equations P=IV and V=IR.
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Homework Statement


Two Light bulbs, one rated 30W at 120V and another rated 40W at 120V are arranged in two different circuits.
a) they bulbs are connected in parallel to a 120V source

determine the resistance and current in both bulbs.

b) determine the resistance and current if they are connected in series


Homework Equations


P=IV

V=IR


The Attempt at a Solution



I took the power over the voltage to find the current and then plugged that into V=IR, but how does the voltage and current differ when it splits, or when it is in series?
 
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  • #2
The load voltages for a parallel configuration is the same across each load. Each light in the parallel configuration has the same voltage.

For a series configuration the load voltages add to equal the source voltage.
 

What is an electrical circuit?

An electrical circuit is a path or loop through which an electric current flows. It typically consists of a power source, such as a battery or generator, and various components such as wires, resistors, and switches, that are connected together to form a complete loop.

What is the purpose of a light bulb in a circuit?

The purpose of a light bulb in a circuit is to convert electrical energy into light energy. When an electric current passes through the filament of the bulb, it heats up and produces visible light. This makes light bulbs essential for lighting up homes, buildings, and other spaces.

How do you calculate the resistance in a circuit?

The resistance in a circuit can be calculated using Ohm's Law, which states that resistance (R) is equal to the voltage (V) divided by the current (I), or R = V/I. This means that the higher the voltage, the lower the resistance, and the higher the current, the higher the resistance.

What is the difference between a series and parallel circuit?

In a series circuit, all the components are connected one after the other, forming a single path for the current to flow. In a parallel circuit, the components are connected in multiple branches, providing multiple paths for the current to flow. This means that in a series circuit, the current is the same at all points, while in a parallel circuit, the current divides and flows through each branch.

Why do light bulbs sometimes burn out?

Light bulbs can burn out due to various reasons, such as old age, high voltage, or a damaged filament. When a light bulb is turned on, the filament heats up and creates light. Over time, the constant heating and cooling of the filament can cause it to weaken and eventually break, resulting in a burned-out bulb. High voltage or power surges can also cause the filament to burn out quickly. Additionally, if the bulb is damaged or has a manufacturing defect, it may also burn out prematurely.

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