Temperature is the measure of average kinetic energy of the molecules

In summary: This can occur through conduction, convection, or radiation, depending on the surroundings. Contact with a hot body or warm air can transfer heat through conduction and convection, respectively, while radiation occurs when a body at a higher temperature emits energy that is absorbed by a cooler body. Overall, temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules and how this energy is transferred can result in a heating effect that can be felt. In summary, the molecular motion in a gas can produce heat through conduction, convection, or radiation, depending on the surroundings.
  • #1
phymatter
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temperature is the measure of average kinetic energy of the molecules of a gas , also temperature is the measure of hotness or coldness of a body , but how does this molecular motion motion produce heating effect that we can feel?!
 
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  • #2


The friction caused by the molecular motion causes heat.
 
  • #3


phymatter said:
temperature is the measure of average kinetic energy of the molecules of a gas , also temperature is the measure of hotness or coldness of a body , but how does this molecular motion motion produce heating effect that we can feel?!
Three possible ways: conduction, convection and radiation.

Heat conducts from the hot body to your hand when there is mechanical contact between your hand and the body. The molecules in the body physically impact the molecules in your hand and cause them to move more rapidly. This causes heat to transfer to your hand.

The air around the hot body conducts heat from the body. The air warms. This causes it to be more buoyant so the warm air rises. Cooler air comes into replace it and it too heats up on contact. You can feel this warm air as it circulates around the room.

A body at a temperature [itex]\Delta T[/itex] above the temperature of its surroundings, will radiate more energy than it absorbs. Your hand may absorb some of this radiation (infra-red) and feel heat.

AM
 

1. What is temperature?

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance. It is a physical quantity that indicates how hot or cold an object is.

2. How is temperature measured?

Temperature can be measured using a thermometer, which contains a liquid (such as mercury or alcohol) that expands or contracts based on the temperature and is calibrated to a standard scale.

3. What is the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy?

Temperature and kinetic energy are directly proportional to each other. As the temperature of a substance increases, the average kinetic energy of its molecules also increases.

4. How does temperature affect the behavior of molecules?

As temperature increases, molecules tend to move faster and collide more frequently, leading to increased energy and potential for chemical reactions.

5. Can temperature be negative?

Yes, temperature can be negative. It is a relative measure and can be below zero on the Kelvin scale, which is the absolute temperature scale. However, negative temperatures are not possible on the Celsius or Fahrenheit scales.

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