Linear dielectric in a capacitor

In summary, the problem involves a parallel-plate capacitor with two slabs of linear dielectric material of different thicknesses and dielectric constants. The electric displacement in each slab is equal to the free charge on the top plate, with the direction depending on the presence of any negative charge. If both plates have positive charge, D would flare out on each side and be larger outside. D is similar to an electric field, but with different units in SI. Inside the dielectric, D is equal to the electric field multiplied by the dielectric constant.
  • #1
stunner5000pt
1,461
2

Homework Statement


Griffith's Problem 4.18
The space between the plates of a parallel-plate capacitor (in the figure) is filled
with two slabs of linear dielectric material. Each slab has thickness a, so the total distance between the plates is 2a. Slab 1 has a dielectric constant of 2, and slab 2 has a dielectric constant of 1.5. The free charge density on the top plate is sigma and on the bottom plate -sigma.Find the electric displacement D in each slab.


Homework Equations


Gauss law for dielectrics
[tex] \int D \cdot dA = Q_{f,enc} [/tex]

The Attempt at a Solution



In the diagram i have posted, the top and bottom 'gaps' are the metal slabs that make up this capacitor.
For the electric displacement in the top slab where epsilon = 2
The free charge on the upper boundary of this slab is +sigma. But there is some charge going to be present within the slab as well... but that's bound charge right... so we need not worry?
The electric displacement is just +sigma for this slab. but what is the direction? I am tempted to say that it points downward because it only seems natural (positive to negative) but what if there were no negative charge involved in the question? What then?

What if in the question the bottom slab was of some charge +sigma? The free charge on the top slab is still sigma but would the direction of D be pointing downward?

Thanks for your help and input.
 

Attachments

  • 1.JPG
    1.JPG
    11 KB · Views: 541
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
D=\sigma, and D_n is continuous.
D is straight down if fringing is neglected.
If both plates had +Q, everything is different.
D would flare out on each side.
By Gauss's law, D would have to be large outside.
 
  • #3
clem said:
D=\sigma, and D_n is continuous.
D is straight down if fringing is neglected.
If both plates had +Q, everything is different.
D would flare out on each side.
By Gauss's law, D would have to be large outside.

so D is just like an electric field ... but how is it different??
 
  • #4
Outside the dielectric D and E should be the same, and are in gaussian units.
In SI, they are given different units for some reason.
Inside the dielectric D=epsilon E.
 

1. What is a linear dielectric in a capacitor?

A linear dielectric in a capacitor refers to the insulating material that is placed between the two plates of a capacitor. This material is called a dielectric because it prevents the flow of electric current between the plates, thereby increasing the capacitor's ability to store charge.

2. How does a linear dielectric affect the capacitance of a capacitor?

The presence of a linear dielectric in a capacitor increases its capacitance. This is because the dielectric material reduces the electric field between the plates, allowing for more charge to be stored on the plates.

3. What are some examples of linear dielectric materials used in capacitors?

Some common examples of linear dielectric materials used in capacitors include air, paper, mica, and various types of plastics such as polystyrene and polypropylene.

4. Can a linear dielectric be used in any type of capacitor?

Yes, a linear dielectric can be used in any type of capacitor, including parallel plate capacitors, cylindrical capacitors, and spherical capacitors.

5. How does the thickness of a linear dielectric affect the capacitance of a capacitor?

The thickness of a linear dielectric has a direct impact on the capacitance of a capacitor. As the thickness of the dielectric increases, the capacitance also increases, as there is more space for the charge to be stored between the plates.

Similar threads

Replies
1
Views
1K
Replies
10
Views
1K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
20
Views
2K
  • Advanced Physics Homework Help
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
1
Views
819
Replies
10
Views
2K
Replies
4
Views
356
  • Advanced Physics Homework Help
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • Advanced Physics Homework Help
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
6
Views
313
Back
Top