Question with the prove of r(t) ande r'(t) is perpendicular.

In summary, the conversation discusses the proof that in the case of \vec{r}(t) \;\cdot\; \vec{r}(t) \;=\; |\vec{r}(t)|^2, the derivative of |\vec{r}(t)|^2 is equal to 0, since it is a constant. This leads to the question of why |\vec{r}(t)|^2 is considered a constant, especially when the components x and y of \vec{r}(t) are not constant. The conversation also touches on the idea that this proof is related to a circular path, where the length of \vec{r}(t) represents the radius of the circle and the derivative of \
  • #1
yungman
5,718
240
In the prove of [itex]\vec{r}(t) \;&\; \vec{r}'(t) \;[/itex] is perpendicular:

[tex] \vec{r}(t) \;\cdot\; \vec{r}(t) \;=\; |\vec{r}(t)|^2 \;\Rightarrow\; \frac{d}{dt}[ \vec{r}(t) \;\cdot\; \vec{r}(t)] = \vec{r}(t) \;\cdot\; \vec{r}'(t) + \vec{r}(t) \;\cdot\; \vec{r}'(t) = \frac{d}{dt}[ |\vec{r}(t)|^2] [/tex]

The book claimed since [itex]\; |\vec{r}(t)|^2 \;[/itex] is a constant, [itex]\frac{d}{dt}[ |\vec{r}(t)|^2] = 0[/itex].

Question is why [itex]\; \frac{d}{dt}[ |\vec{r}(t)|^2] = 0\;[/itex]? Let [itex]\; \vec{r}(t) = x\hat{x} + y\hat{y}[/itex]

[tex]\; \frac{d}{dt}[ |\vec{r}(t)|^2] = x^2 + y^2\;[/tex]

x and y is not a constant! Why [itex]\; |\vec{r}(t)|^2 \;[/itex] is a constant?!
 
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  • #3
this is what comes to my mind: If the path is circular then r(t) represents the radius of the circle at any point and the length of r(t) always equals a constant which is the radius. so its derivative must be zero everywhere. this is just another proof for this intuitive thing that the tangent line passing through a point on a circle is perpendicular to the radius of the circle.
 
  • #4
Mark44 said:
Does r(t) describe a circular path?


I found that the book did say if [itex]|\vec{r}(t)|[/itex] is constant.

My bad.
 
Last edited:

1. What is r(t) and r'(t)?

r(t) is a position vector that represents the position of an object at time t. r'(t) is the derivative of r(t) with respect to time, which represents the velocity of the object at time t.

2. How do you prove that r(t) and r'(t) are perpendicular?

To prove that two vectors are perpendicular, we use the dot product. If the dot product of two vectors is equal to 0, then they are perpendicular. So, to prove that r(t) and r'(t) are perpendicular, we need to show that their dot product is equal to 0.

3. What is the significance of proving that r(t) and r'(t) are perpendicular?

If we can prove that r(t) and r'(t) are perpendicular, it means that the position vector and velocity vector of an object are always at right angles to each other. This can provide insights into the motion of the object and can be useful in solving physics problems.

4. What assumptions are needed to prove that r(t) and r'(t) are perpendicular?

In order to prove that r(t) and r'(t) are perpendicular, we need to assume that the object is moving in a straight line at a constant speed. This means that the acceleration is equal to 0, and the velocity vector is always tangent to the path of the object.

5. Can r(t) and r'(t) be perpendicular at any point in time?

No, r(t) and r'(t) can only be perpendicular at specific points in time. As the object moves, the position vector and velocity vector will change, and therefore their dot product will not always be equal to 0. They will only be perpendicular when the object is moving in a straight line at a constant speed.

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