Thermodynamic Efficiency and the maximum possible electric output

In summary, thermodynamic efficiency is the ratio of a system's actual output to its maximum possible output, and it measures the conversion of input energy into usable electricity. It is calculated by dividing the actual output by the maximum possible output and can be improved through various methods. The factors that affect the maximum possible electric output include the energy source used, power plant design and efficiency, and operating conditions. Thermodynamic efficiency plays a crucial role in energy sustainability by reducing energy waste, emissions, and the negative environmental impact of energy production.
  • #1
annie05
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1. A 2.5GWth nuclear power plant operates at a high temperature of 570°K. In the winter the average low temperature at which it dumps waste heat is 268°K; in the summer it’s 295°K. Determine the thermodynamic efficiency of the plant in each season, and then derive from it the maximum possible electric power output.

2. e = 1 – Tc/Th

Tc = Low Temperature
Th = High Temperature


3. Winter = 1 – (268/570) = 0.53 = 53%
Summer = 1 – (295/570) = 0.48 = 48%

The maximum possible electric output = ?
 
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  • #2
Want to take a stab at how much electricity can be produced by the plan?
 

1. What is thermodynamic efficiency?

Thermodynamic efficiency refers to the ratio of the actual output of a system to its maximum possible output, based on the laws of thermodynamics. In the context of electric power generation, it measures how much of the input energy is converted into usable electricity.

2. How is thermodynamic efficiency calculated?

Thermodynamic efficiency is calculated by dividing the actual output of a system by its maximum possible output. This can be represented as a percentage, with a higher percentage indicating a more efficient system. The calculation may also take into account the energy losses and inefficiencies within the system.

3. What factors affect the maximum possible electric output?

The maximum possible electric output is affected by a variety of factors, including the type of energy source used, the design and efficiency of the power plant, and the operating conditions. It may also be impacted by external factors such as temperature, humidity, and altitude.

4. Can thermodynamic efficiency be improved?

Yes, thermodynamic efficiency can be improved through various methods such as implementing more advanced technology, optimizing the design and operation of the system, and reducing energy losses. However, there is a limit to how efficient a system can be, based on the laws of thermodynamics.

5. How does thermodynamic efficiency impact energy sustainability?

Thermodynamic efficiency plays a crucial role in energy sustainability, as it directly affects the amount of energy resources needed to produce a certain amount of electricity. Higher efficiency means less energy is wasted, resulting in a more sustainable use of resources. It also helps to reduce emissions and minimize the negative environmental impact of energy production.

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