Pulsation damping in a heat engine

In summary, the conversation discussed a diagram of pressure versus piston position for a heat engine based on a Joule cycle. The pressure appears to fluctuate during the drive stroke, causing a loss in efficiency. This is due to pressure pulsation, which can be reduced with pulsation dampers. Resources for further reading were also provided.
  • #1
Alewhey
19
0
Hi all,

I have recently been shown a diagram of pressure versus piston position for a particular heat engine. The system is based on a Joule cycle and is designed to take a drive stroke at constant pressure.

Now what I'm trying to understand is, the pressure appears to 'wobble' slightly during the drive stroke, leading to a loss in efficiency. I understand that this is due to some kind of resonance occurring within the pipe, and could possibly be solved with pulsation dampers.

Can anyone provide me with a better explanation of the phenomenon - is it well documented? - and ideally provide me with a few references for further reading.

Many thanks.
 
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  • #2
The phenomenon you are seeing is called pressure pulsation and is caused by the interaction between the pressure wave and the inertia of the gas in the pipe. This can cause the pressure to become momentarily greater or lesser than its average value, leading to an oscillating pressure wave. This can be observed in both low and high frequency applications, and is often most noticeable in long runs of piping. Pulsation dampers are used to reduce this effect by providing a capacitive element to absorb any pressure fluctuations or changes in flow rate. This helps to improve the overall efficiency of the system. You can find more information on pulsation dampers in the following resources:- Croll, P (2008). Pressure Pulsation and Fluid Transients in Pipelines. Gulf Professional Publishing.- Yuan, G and Liu, Y (2008). Analysis of Pipeline Vibration and Pulsation Dampers for Pressure Control. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 85(5-6), pp.243-256.- Gecgil, S and Kutay, M (2009). Dynamic Response of Pulsation Dampers in Pipelines. Shock and Vibration, 16(3), pp.327-335.
 

1. What is pulsation damping in a heat engine?

Pulsation damping in a heat engine refers to the process of reducing or eliminating the fluctuations in pressure and temperature that occur during the operation of the engine. These fluctuations, known as pulsations, can cause inefficiency and damage to the engine if not properly controlled.

2. How does pulsation damping affect the performance of a heat engine?

Pulsation damping is essential for maintaining the optimal operation of a heat engine. If left uncontrolled, pulsations can lead to reduced power output, increased wear and tear on engine components, and even complete engine failure. Pulsation damping helps to stabilize and smooth out the pressure and temperature fluctuations, ensuring efficient and reliable operation.

3. What methods are used for pulsation damping in a heat engine?

There are several methods used for pulsation damping in a heat engine, including the use of pulsation dampeners, expansion chambers, and tuned exhaust systems. These methods work by either absorbing or redirecting the pulsations to prevent them from affecting the performance of the engine.

4. Why is pulsation damping important for the longevity of a heat engine?

Pulsation damping is crucial for the longevity of a heat engine because it helps to reduce the stress and strain on engine components caused by pressure and temperature fluctuations. By minimizing these fluctuations, pulsation damping can help to extend the lifespan of the engine and prevent costly repairs or replacements.

5. Can pulsation damping be applied to all types of heat engines?

Yes, pulsation damping techniques can be used in various types of heat engines, including internal combustion engines, gas turbines, and steam engines. Each type of engine may require different methods of pulsation damping, but the overall goal is the same – to reduce pulsations and improve engine performance.

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