Small amplitude oscillations of a ball with water

In summary, the problem at hand involves a thin spherical shell filled with water, which is then frozen into ice. The shell is hung from the ceiling by a light thread, and its frequency of small amplitude oscillations is measured. The goal is to determine the change in frequency when the water freezes. Neglecting viscosity and the change in volume upon freezing, the water and ice will have different expressions for their energies, as the ice will rotate with the shell while the water will remain stationary.
  • #1
glueball8
346
1

Homework Statement


The interior of a thin spherical shell of mass M and radius R is completely filled with water and hangs from a ceiling on a light thread. The distance from the sphere's center to the hanging point is L, and the mass of water is m. Determine the change in the frequency of small amplitude oscillations of this system when the water freezes. (Neglect the viscosity of water, and the change of volume upon freezing.)


Homework Equations


[tex] f = c \sqrt{g/L} [/tex]


The Attempt at a Solution


Well its even hard to see there's a difference. But for the water part there's no viscosity, it some how changes the frequency. No idea how, or how to do this.

The ice ball follows [tex] f = c \sqrt{g/L} [/tex].

Ideas?
 
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  • #2
This is a physical pendulum. If you use conservation of energy, you have to take the rotational energy of the ball into account.

In case of ice, the spherical shell with the ice inside constitute a solid body. The ice rotates together the sphere. If water is inside, and viscosity is neglected, no torque acts on the water. It orientation remains the same, it does not rotate with respect to the ground.

ehild
 
  • #3
What do you mean no torque acts on the water? If no torque then how would the water rotate?

What do you mean orientation remains the same. It won't go in a projectile motion but more linear.
 
  • #4
I mean that the water will not rotate around its centre of mass, but the shell will.

The whole thing is a pendulum, the sphere oscillates along a piece of circle.

There is no friction between water and shell, the energy is conserved.

Write down the expression of energy for both cases: water and ice.

ehild
 
Last edited:

1. What causes small amplitude oscillations of a ball with water?

The small amplitude oscillations of a ball with water are caused by the surface tension of the water and the weight of the ball. When the ball is placed on the surface of the water, the surface tension pulls the water molecules towards the center, creating a depression in the water's surface. This depression pushes the ball upwards, causing it to oscillate.

2. How does the size of the ball affect the oscillation frequency?

The oscillation frequency of a ball with water is directly proportional to the square root of the radius of the ball. This means that as the size of the ball increases, the oscillation frequency also increases. This is because a larger ball will displace more water, causing a larger depression in the water's surface and a stronger restoring force.

3. Can the temperature of the water affect the oscillation?

Yes, the temperature of the water can affect the oscillation of a ball. Warmer water has weaker surface tension, which results in a weaker restoring force and a lower oscillation frequency. On the other hand, colder water has stronger surface tension, resulting in a stronger restoring force and a higher oscillation frequency.

4. How can the density of the ball impact the oscillation?

The density of the ball can impact the oscillation by affecting the weight of the ball. A heavier ball will displace more water and create a larger depression, resulting in a higher oscillation frequency. On the other hand, a lighter ball will displace less water and create a smaller depression, resulting in a lower oscillation frequency.

5. Can the shape of the ball affect the oscillation?

Yes, the shape of the ball can affect the oscillation. A ball with a larger surface area will displace more water and create a larger depression, resulting in a higher oscillation frequency. On the other hand, a ball with a smaller surface area will displace less water and create a smaller depression, resulting in a lower oscillation frequency.

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