An electron on Earth can be accelerated by an electric field, which is created by the presence of other charged particles such as protons. This electric field exerts a force on the electron, causing it to accelerate.
As an electron is accelerated, it gains energy. This energy can then be released in the form of light when the electron moves from a higher energy state to a lower energy state. This process is known as light emission.
Accelerated electrons emit a continuous spectrum of light because they can gain or lose energy in small increments, allowing them to emit light of varying wavelengths. This results in a continuous spectrum rather than a discrete set of wavelengths.
The wavelength of light emitted by an accelerated electron is determined by the amount of energy the electron loses. This energy is directly proportional to the frequency of the emitted light, and the wavelength is inversely proportional to the frequency.
Yes, an electron on Earth can be accelerated without emitting light. This can happen if the electron is moving in a uniform electric field, as it will experience a constant force and therefore a constant acceleration. In this case, the electron may not emit light until it interacts with another particle or surface.