Derivation of Poisson's Equation and Laplace's Equation

In summary, the conversation was about deriving Poisson's and Laplace's equations from Maxwell's equations in both vacuum and material media. The relevant Maxwell's equations were discussed, along with the implication that the electric field can be written as the gradient of a scalar potential. This was then combined with the first equation to derive Poisson's equation, with the special case of Laplace's equation when the charge density is zero.
  • #1
MadMike1986
23
0
Hi,

Can someone point me in the right direction to a derivation of Poisson's Equation and of Laplace's Equation, (from Maxwell's equations I think) both in a vacuum and in material media?

How does one get from Maxwell's equations to Poisson's and Laplace's?
 
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  • #2
So the two relevant maxwell's equations are:
[tex] \vec{\nabla} \cdot \vec{E} = \frac{\rho}{\epsilon} [/tex]
[tex] \vec{\nabla} \times \vec{E} = - \frac{\partial \vec{B}}{\partial t} [/tex]

For an electrostatic system, there is no changing B field so,
[tex] \vec{\nabla} \times \vec{E} = 0 [/tex]
Which implies E can be written as the gradient of a scalar potential,
[tex] \vec{E} = - \vec{\nabla} \varphi [/tex]

Combining this fact with the first equation,
[tex] \vec{\nabla} \cdot \vec{\nabla} \varphi = \nabla^2 \varphi = - \frac{\rho}{\epsilon} [/tex]

And of course Laplace's equation is the special case where rho is zero.

Cheers!
 
  • #3
Ah, thank you very much. That's not so bad after all.
 

What is Poisson's Equation and Laplace's Equation?

Poisson's equation and Laplace's equation are two important partial differential equations used in mathematical physics and engineering. They describe the relationship between a scalar function and its sources or sinks in a given region of space.

What is the difference between Poisson's Equation and Laplace's Equation?

The main difference between Poisson's equation and Laplace's equation is that Poisson's equation includes a source term, while Laplace's equation does not. This source term represents the influence of external sources or sinks on the scalar function being solved for.

How are Poisson's Equation and Laplace's Equation derived?

Poisson's equation and Laplace's equation can be derived from the more general Navier-Stokes equations, which describe the motion of fluids. By assuming that the fluid is incompressible and inviscid, and neglecting the convective terms, the Navier-Stokes equations reduce to Poisson's equation and Laplace's equation, respectively.

What are the applications of Poisson's Equation and Laplace's Equation?

Poisson's equation and Laplace's equation have many applications in physics and engineering, including electrostatics, fluid mechanics, heat transfer, and acoustics. They are also used in areas such as image processing, computer graphics, and finance.

What are the boundary conditions for solving Poisson's Equation and Laplace's Equation?

The boundary conditions for solving Poisson's equation and Laplace's equation depend on the specific problem being solved. Generally, boundary conditions specify the values of the scalar function or its derivatives at the boundaries of the region of interest. These boundary conditions must be carefully chosen to ensure a unique solution to the equations.

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