How does induced charge affect the balance of a conducting beam?

In summary, a rectangular piece of conductor is balanced on a central pivot point and surrounded by an electric field. Due to induction, the electron sea rushes to one side, causing a shift in the center of mass and potentially tipping the beam. This experiment has been done in real life with oil droplets in free-fall.
  • #1
mishima
561
34
Say you had a rectangular piece of conductor perfectly balanced on a central pivot point. Around it, you put something that causes an electric field throughout the region. On one end of the balanced piece, atomic cores get exposed as the electron sea rushes to the opposite side via induction. So would the piece now turn on the pivot, since one side was heavier than the other (one side has more electrons than the other)? Or does the force on the electrons somehow keep it up and oriented in the same direction despite weight differences?

I know this would probably never be able to be done in real life because of how small the mass is, I'm just wondering.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
Lets tidy up to make this easier to think about:

You have a conducting beam which is initially balanced and you apply an external uniform electric field horizontally along the length of the beam. This causes a shift in the distribution of electrons to one side of the beam - which would shift the center of mass of the beam away from the pivot point and so it should tip up.

That seems reasonable.
You could imagine a negatively charged pivot and a non-conducting beam with a positive charged slug constrained to move along it's length. In this case you can construct a free-body diagram for the situation ... there would be a force ##qE## from the field, another ##kq^2/x^2## back along the beam, then there is gravity ##mg## acting down.

Have fun.

A version of this experiment has been done in real life - famously, by Millikan - using oil droplets in free-fall instead of a charged slug on a beam.
 

1. What is induced charge in conductor?

Induced charge in a conductor is the redistribution of electric charges on the surface of the conductor due to the presence of an external electric field.

2. How does induced charge occur in a conductor?

Induced charge occurs in a conductor when an external electric field is applied to the conductor. The charges in the conductor will rearrange themselves in such a way that the net electric field inside the conductor is zero.

3. What is the difference between induced charge and static charge?

The main difference between induced charge and static charge is that induced charge is a temporary redistribution of charges in a conductor while static charge is a permanent buildup of charges on an insulator.

4. What are the applications of induced charge in conductor?

Induced charge in conductor has various applications, such as in electrostatic painting, electrostatic precipitators, and electrostatic shielding. It is also used in electronic devices like capacitors and transistors.

5. Can induced charge be controlled?

Yes, induced charge can be controlled by varying the strength of the external electric field or by using a conductor with different properties. It can also be controlled by grounding the conductor, which allows the charges to flow to the ground, reducing the induced charge.

Similar threads

Replies
2
Views
678
Replies
19
Views
2K
Replies
13
Views
2K
  • Electromagnetism
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • Introductory Physics Homework Help
Replies
1
Views
205
Replies
4
Views
4K
Replies
9
Views
2K
Replies
1
Views
1K
Replies
10
Views
2K
Back
Top