Is transcription a subprocess of translation in protein synthesis?

In summary, transcription is a separate process from translation in protein synthesis. In eukaryotic cells, transcription occurs in the nucleus where DNA is copied into mRNA, while translation occurs in the cytoplasm where ribosomes read the mRNA and produce a protein. The boundary between these processes is the nuclear envelope. Transcription and translation are sequential steps in the process of making a protein, with transcription creating the mRNA and handing it off to the translational machinery in order to make a protein.
  • #1
soopo
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Homework Statement


Is transcription a subprocess of translation in protein synthesis?

The Attempt at a Solution



I know that transcripition consists of four processes
1. activation
2. initiatian
3. elongenation
4. termination

I know that protein synthesis consists the following steps.
First, you have a gene that is three bases in the ribosome. The strand of three bases forms an amino acid. Subsequently, many single amino acids form an amino acid chain. The chain forms a protein and subsequently a protein chain.

I am not sure where the boundary between translation and transcription is if transcription is not a subprocess of translation.
 
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  • #2
Transcription is a separate process from translation. In eukaryotic cells, transcription and translation occur in completely different parts of the cell. Transcription takes DNA from the nucleus of a cell and creates a messenger RNA molecule (mRNA). The mRNA is then transported out of nucleus and into the cytoplasm. There, ribosomes bind to the mRNA and read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time to produce a protein. So, the boundary between translation and transcription in eukaryotes is a physical boundary of the cell: the nuclear envelope.

You can basically think of transcription and translation as two sequential steps in the process of making a protein. Transcription creates an mRNA then hands the mRNA off to the translational machinery in order to make a protein.
 
  • #3
Ygggdrasil said:
Transcription is a separate process from translation. In eukaryotic cells, transcription and translation occur in completely different parts of the cell. Transcription takes DNA from the nucleus of a cell and creates a messenger RNA molecule (mRNA). The mRNA is then transported out of nucleus and into the cytoplasm. There, ribosomes bind to the mRNA and read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time to produce a protein. So, the boundary between translation and transcription in eukaryotes is a physical boundary of the cell: the nuclear envelope.

You can basically think of transcription and translation as two sequential steps in the process of making a protein. Transcription creates an mRNA then hands the mRNA off to the translational machinery in order to make a protein.

I would like to add to your excellent answer.
One of the chains in DNA is copied in transcription.
This copy is mRNA. It contains the counter bases to the other chain in DNA.

So the boundary between transription and translation is the nuclear envelope.
Everything which happens inside the nuclues belongs to transcription such as coping of rRNA from DNA.

Then again, processes which happen outside the nucleus belong to the
translation. For example, the building up of a protein from a mRNA and a
ribosome by Golgi's apparatus happens outside the nucleus.
 

1. Is transcription necessary for translation to occur in protein synthesis?

Yes, transcription is a crucial step in protein synthesis as it involves the creation of mRNA molecules which carry the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome for translation into proteins.

2. Can translation occur without transcription?

No, translation cannot occur without transcription as the ribosome needs instructions in the form of mRNA to produce proteins. Without transcription, there would be no mRNA molecules to provide these instructions.

3. How does transcription relate to translation in protein synthesis?

Transcription is the first step in protein synthesis and provides the instructions for the ribosome to create proteins. The mRNA produced during transcription is then used by the ribosome during translation to assemble amino acids into proteins.

4. Is transcription a separate process from translation in protein synthesis?

Yes, transcription and translation are two distinct processes in protein synthesis. Transcription occurs in the nucleus and involves the creation of mRNA molecules while translation takes place in the cytoplasm and involves the production of proteins.

5. What is the role of DNA in transcription and translation?

DNA contains the genetic code for proteins and serves as the template for both transcription and translation. During transcription, DNA is used to create mRNA molecules, and during translation, it provides the sequence of amino acids for protein production.

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