Electric Resistance of Conductors & Semiconductors with Temp Change

In summary, electric resistance is the measure of a material's opposition to the flow of electric current, expressed in ohms (Ω). The resistance of conductors increases with temperature, as the increased vibrations of atoms hinder the flow of electrons. On the other hand, semiconductors experience a decrease in resistance with increasing temperature, as the electrons become more mobile. However, at very high temperatures, this trend can reverse. The temperature coefficient of resistance is used in practical applications to predict and compensate for these changes in resistance, and is also important in the design of electronic devices and the calibration of temperature sensors.
  • #1
noor.lalu
4
0
1.What happens to the electrical resistance of conductors, semiconductors, with increase in temperature? And explain why?
 
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  • #3
For conductors, the resistance will increase with T, while for some semiconductors, the resistance may decrease with T, which results from the agitation of the electrons in the valence band
 
  • #4
lionelwang said:
For conductors, the resistance will increase with T, while for some semiconductors, the resistance may decrease with T, which results from the agitation of the electrons in the valence band
thank u soo much now i clearly understand
 
  • #5


The electrical resistance of conductors and semiconductors typically increases with an increase in temperature. This is because as the temperature increases, the atoms in the material vibrate more vigorously, causing more collisions between the electrons and the atoms. These collisions impede the flow of electrons, which in turn increases the resistance. In conductors, the increase in resistance is due to an increase in the number of collisions between the free electrons and the positively charged ions in the material. In semiconductors, the increase in resistance is due to an increase in the energy of the electrons, making it more difficult for them to move through the material. Additionally, the number of charge carriers in semiconductors can also decrease with an increase in temperature, further contributing to the increase in resistance. Overall, the increase in temperature causes a disruption in the flow of electrons, resulting in a higher electrical resistance for both conductors and semiconductors.
 

What is electric resistance?

Electric resistance is the measure of a material's opposition to the flow of electric current. It is measured in ohms (Ω) and is dependent on the material's properties, such as its composition, temperature, and dimensions.

How does temperature affect the electric resistance of conductors?

As the temperature of a conductor increases, its resistance also increases. This is because the temperature causes the atoms in the conductor to vibrate more, which hinders the flow of electrons and increases resistance. This relationship is described by the temperature coefficient of resistance, which varies for different materials.

How does temperature affect the electric resistance of semiconductors?

Unlike conductors, the resistance of semiconductors decreases as temperature increases. This is because the increased temperature excites the electrons in the semiconductor, allowing them to move more freely and decreasing resistance. However, at very high temperatures, this trend can reverse and the resistance may increase again.

What is the difference between conductors and semiconductors in terms of their temperature-dependent resistances?

The main difference between conductors and semiconductors is that conductors have a positive temperature coefficient of resistance, while semiconductors have a negative temperature coefficient of resistance. This means that the resistance of conductors increases with temperature, while the resistance of semiconductors decreases with temperature.

How is the temperature coefficient of resistance used in practical applications?

The temperature coefficient of resistance is an important factor to consider in the design and use of electronic devices. It allows engineers to predict how a material's resistance will change with temperature, and therefore design circuits and systems that can compensate for these changes. It is also used in the calibration of temperature sensors and in the construction of precision resistors.

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