What Percentage of Light Passes Through Three Polarizers?

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The discussion focuses on the transmission of light through three polarizers, specifically when polarizer 2 is placed between polarizers 1 and 3. Polarizers 1 and 3 are oriented perpendicular to each other, resulting in no light passing through them directly. However, inserting polarizer 2 at an angle of 71° allows some light to pass through the entire system. The calculations indicate that the light intensity passing through each polarizer is determined by the formula: I = I₀ * cos²(θ), where θ is the angle between the axes of polarization.

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Polarizers 1 and 3 have their axes of polarization, indicated by the black solid lines, perpendicular to each other. If you try to shine light through only the combination of 1 and 3, you will find that none passes through. However, now we put in another polarizer (number 2 in the figure) between number 1 and number 3. This polarizer has an axes of polarization that has an angle of θ = 71° with respect to the polarization axes of polarizer 1. Surprisingly, now some light passes through the combination 1+2+3. What percentage of the initial (unpolarized) light intensity passes through?


The light passing through the
first polarizer should be 0.5I(nought). The light passing
through the second polarizer should be
0.5I(nought)*cos^2(angle given). The light passing through
the third polarizer should be the previous answer times
cos^2(angle between axes 2 and 3...)

My answer is not coming out right...Any suggestions of what
I may be doing wrong?
 
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Are you using 71 degrees for the first angle and 90-71 degrees for the second angle?
 

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