What Causes the Gradual Increase in Conductivity in Type 2 Superconductors?

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SUMMARY

The gradual increase in conductivity in Type 2 superconductors is attributed to the tunneling of electrons through insulating layers between copper-oxygen planes. Unlike Type 1 superconductors, which exhibit a rapid change in conductivity due to a high density of Cooper pairs, Type 2 superconductors demonstrate a more complex behavior. This behavior is linked to the formation of atomic "groups" within the lattice as temperature decreases, enhancing electron movement and subsequently increasing superconductivity. Understanding this phenomenon remains an area of active research.

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The copper-oxygen planes that
are believed to be responsible for superconductivity are separated by
many insulating layers layers. So there might not be much overlap between
atomic orbitals between separated Cu-O planes. However, electrons can
still tunnel through the insulating layers. This tunneling is believed
to affect superconductivity, but it is not well understood how.



In type 1 superconductors there are lots of cooper pairs and there is a rapid change in conductivity.Type 2 superconductors show a gradual change from normal to super conductivity .Perhaps type 2 superconductors conduct increasingly better because electron movement through a lattice causes the formation of "groups" of atoms in the lattice which then cause further electron movements in such a way as to increase the formation of yet more groups and so on, as the temperature decreases
 
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This could be what is happening in the insulating layers between the copper-oxygen planes, and this could be why superconductivity increases as the temperature decreases.
 

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