Einstein's theory of Special Relativity

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around Einstein's theory of Special Relativity, specifically focusing on the concept of mass as it relates to velocity. Participants explore the distinctions between relativistic mass and invariant mass, and how these concepts apply to objects in motion.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants assert that as one approaches the speed of light, relativistic mass increases, leading to questions about whether a person in a moving car is more massive than when at rest.
  • Others clarify that mass is relative, suggesting that an observer in a moving vehicle would perceive a sleeper in a moving bed as more massive.
  • A participant highlights the confusion surrounding the terms "relativistic mass" and "invariant mass," explaining that invariant mass does not change with velocity, while relativistic mass does.
  • There are inquiries about how mass can be considered relative, with explanations that an object's mass depends on its motion relative to the observer.
  • One participant questions whether a spinning arm would exhibit different masses relative to each other, leading to a discussion about the practicality of measuring such effects.
  • Another participant emphasizes the preference for using invariant mass over relativistic mass in theoretical discussions, noting that this distinction can lead to confusion.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the utility of relativistic mass versus invariant mass, with some favoring the latter while others acknowledge the former's relevance. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the implications of mass in different contexts.

Contextual Notes

Participants note that the definitions and implications of mass in relativity can lead to confusion, particularly when distinguishing between relativistic and invariant mass. The discussion also highlights the conditional nature of claims regarding mass in motion.

UrbanXrisis
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Okay, I need to get something straight. In Einstein's theory of Special Relativity, as you approach the speed of light, you become more massive correct? So does that mean we are more massive in a moving car than sleeping in our beds?
 
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It's relative. If you're observing a sleeper in a moving bed from your car he/she will appear more massive! :-)
 
UrbanXrisis said:
Okay, I need to get something straight. In Einstein's theory of Special Relativity, as you approach the speed of light, you become more massive correct? So does that mean we are more massive in a moving car than sleeping in our beds?

Try the sci.physics.faq


http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Relativity/SR/mass.html

Does mass change with velocity?

There is sometimes confusion surrounding the subject of mass in relativity. This is because there are two separate uses of the term. Sometimes people say "mass" when they mean "relativistic mass", mr but at other times they say "mass" when they mean "invariant mass", m0. These two meanings are not the same. The invariant mass of a particle is independent of its velocity v, whereas relativistic mass increases with velocity and tends to infinity as the velocity approaches the speed of light c. They can be defined as follows:

mr = E/c2
m0 = sqrt(E2/c4 - p2/c2)

where E is energy, p is momentum and c is the speed of light in a vacuum. The velocity dependent relation between the two is

mr = m0 /sqrt(1 - v2/c2)

Of the two, the definition of invariant mass is much preferred over the definition of relativistic mass. These days, when physicists talk about mass in their research, they always mean invariant mass. The symbol m for invariant mass is used without the subscript 0. Although the idea of relativistic mass is not wrong, it often leads to confusion...

So the answer is a qualified no.
 
how does something have reletive mass?
 
Mk said:
how does something have reletive mass?

Any object that is moving relative to you has "relative mass". If it is stationary relative to you it has only "rest mass". Notice that both of those are "relative to you". Another person, who is himself moving relative to you will see those differently.
 
If: Both of my arms have equal mass

If I spun around with my right hand out, my right hand would be more massive relative to my left hand?
 
UrbanXrisis said:
If: Both of my arms have equal mass

If I spun around with my right hand out, my right hand would be more massive relative to my left hand?
Yes.

However, I doubt that even the strongest atomic bonds would keep an object - let alone your arm - sufficiently rigid (or attached!) for you to measure this effect :cry:

Now, if you were a neutron star ...
 
actually is not very preferred by theoreticians to use the idea of relativistic mass. It's better to use the notion of invariant mass, m. If a a particle is massive, then with its invariant mass m you can calculate its rest energy:
[tex] E_{r}=m*c^{2}[/tex]
its kinetic energy
[tex] E_{k}=gamma*m*c^{2}-m*c^2[/tex]
and its total energy
[tex] E_{t}=gamma*m*c^{2}[/tex]
 
Last edited:
meteor said:
actually is not very preferred by theoreticians to use the idea of relativistic mass. It's better to use the notion of invariant mass, m.

Exactly. Some people do seem to like relativistic mass (hi Pete!). In any event, asking, as one poster did:

If I spun around with my right hand out, my right hand would be more massive relative to my left hand?

invites confusion, because the logical response would be "do you mean relativistic mass, or invariant mass?".
 

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