Boiling Points of Substances: Effects of Pressure and Temperature

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In summary, the conversation discusses the varying pressure ranges at which substances undergo phase changes. Some substances have a wide range of boiling pressures, while others have a narrow range or do not boil at all. It is theorized that some substances may not have a triple or critical point due to their solid phase crystallizing under all pressures. The conversation also mentions that some solid substances may not have a liquid phase, making boiling impossible.
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snorkack
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If no, which ones do not? If yes, is there a theoretical proof that a counterexample is impossible?

Most substances have a fluid phase which is a single phase at pressures above critical point pressure - but two separate phases at lower pressures. The solid sublimates into a gas at lower pressure, and at higher pressures it melts into a liquid.

Some substances have wide pressure range of boiling. For example quicksilver has a triple point pressure of just 0,165 mPa, at about -39 degrees, yet its critical point pressure is reputed 172 MPa, at +1477 degrees.

Yet other substances have relatively narrow boiling pressure range. Carbon dioxide has triple point pressure of 0,52 MPa, at -57 degrees, but its critical point pressure is 7,3 MPa, at +31 degrees.

Is it fundamentally possible for a substance to not boil at all, under any pressure or temperature, because the solid crystallizes from a single fluid phase under any pressures, such that triple and critical point are nonexistent because "degenerate"?

If yes, what substances are such? If no, what is the theoretical proof if the impossibility of such a substance?
 
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Some solid substances will break apart, sublimate at every pressure or transform into other substances if you heat them - and without a liquid phase, they cannot boil.
A triple point at the critical point... I don't know.

Comparing this list with that one, all listed substances seem to have a triple point below their critical point.
 

1. What is the boiling point of a substance?

The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it changes from a liquid to a gas. This is also known as the vaporization point.

2. How does pressure affect the boiling point of a substance?

Increasing the pressure on a substance will also increase its boiling point. This is due to the fact that higher pressure forces the molecules closer together, making it more difficult for them to escape into a gas state.

3. What is the relationship between temperature and boiling point?

As temperature increases, so does the boiling point of a substance. This is because higher temperatures give molecules more energy, making it easier for them to break free from the liquid state and turn into a gas.

4. Can the boiling point of a substance be altered?

Yes, the boiling point of a substance can be altered by changing the pressure or temperature. For example, increasing the pressure will raise the boiling point, while decreasing the pressure will lower it.

5. Why do different substances have different boiling points?

The boiling point of a substance is determined by the strength of the intermolecular forces between its molecules. Substances with stronger intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonds, will have higher boiling points compared to substances with weaker forces.

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