Why Don't Chlorine and Bromine Bond Together?

  • Thread starter Colin Cheng
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In summary, chlorine and bromine are highly electronegative elements that can only accept electrons but not lose them. This makes it difficult for them to form covalent compounds that require the loss of electrons. However, they can still form covalent molecules by sharing electrons, as seen in compounds like CCl4 and CH2Br.
  • #1
Colin Cheng
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Why can't chlorine and bromine form a covalent compound?Colin
 
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  • #2
They are highly electronegative. They can only accept electrons, but they can't lose them, as this would require a lot of energy. They have positive ionisation enthalpy value and negative electron gain enthalpy.
 
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  • #3
But chlorine, bromine, fluorine... They form molecules which are covalent too... I mean like Cl2, Br2...Colin
 
  • #4
Yes, they do form covalent compounds, for example in CCl4, there are four covalent bonds, and in CH2Br, CH3Br, etc. I forgot that it's hard for them to lose electrons, but they can share them, as in Carbon tetrachloride.
 
  • #5
So it also requires a lot energy when they form CH3Br and CH2Br?Colin
 
  • #6
Colin Cheng said:
Why can't chlorine and bromine form a covalent compound?

They do, it is called bromine monochloride.
 
  • #7
Oh I see thanks!Colin
 

1. What are the main differences between chlorine and bromine?

Chlorine and bromine are both halogens and have similar properties, but there are a few key differences. Chlorine is a pale green gas at room temperature, while bromine is a reddish-brown liquid. Chlorine is more reactive and is commonly used as a disinfectant, while bromine is less reactive and is often used in flame retardants and pharmaceuticals.

2. How are chlorine and bromine used in water treatment?

Chlorine and bromine are commonly used in water treatment to kill harmful bacteria and viruses. Chlorine is typically used in larger municipal water systems, while bromine is more commonly used in smaller, private water sources such as swimming pools and hot tubs. Both chlorine and bromine can effectively disinfect water, but bromine is more stable and longer-lasting in hot water.

3. Are chlorine and bromine safe to use in household cleaning products?

Chlorine and bromine are safe to use in household cleaning products when used properly. However, it is important to follow the instructions and dilute the products properly to avoid harmful effects. It is also important to never mix chlorine or bromine with other cleaning chemicals, as this can create dangerous fumes.

4. Can chlorine and bromine be harmful to human health?

In small amounts, chlorine and bromine are not harmful to human health. However, exposure to high concentrations or incorrect use can be dangerous. Chlorine gas can irritate the respiratory system and skin, while bromine can cause skin and eye irritation. It is important to follow safety precautions and use these chemicals in well-ventilated areas.

5. How do chlorine and bromine contribute to ozone depletion?

Chlorine and bromine are both considered ozone-depleting substances. When released into the atmosphere, they react with ozone molecules and break them down, leading to a decrease in the ozone layer. This can have harmful effects on the environment and human health. However, since the Montreal Protocol in 1987, the use of these substances has been significantly reduced to protect the ozone layer.

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