Measuring Distances in Microns/Nanometers for Small Objects

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around methods for measuring distances on the order of microns or nanometers, particularly for small objects such as bacteria or tiny components. Participants explore various techniques and tools applicable to precise measurements in this scale, considering both theoretical and practical aspects.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions how distances can be measured when light interference methods are not feasible.
  • Another participant distinguishes between relative and exact distance measurements, suggesting that relative measurements are easier to obtain.
  • A different participant proposes that exact distances could be derived from a series of relative measurements and inquires about methods for measuring relative distances.
  • There is a suggestion that electron microscopes might be useful for measuring small distances, as they can visualize objects smaller than the wavelength of light.
  • Concerns are raised about the cost of electron microscopes, with a participant suggesting that there may be more cost-effective alternatives.
  • One participant mentions the use of optical comparators in precision machine shops as a potential method for measuring small mechanical parts, noting their accessibility and ease of use.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the feasibility and practicality of various measurement techniques, with no consensus reached on the best method for measuring distances at the micron or nanometer scale.

Contextual Notes

Participants do not clarify specific assumptions regarding the types of measurements or conditions under which different methods would be applicable, leaving some aspects of the discussion unresolved.

sid_galt
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How are distances on the order of microns or nanometers measured for objects like say a bacteria or a very small component of a device where distance measurement through interference of light isn't very feasible?
 
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relative distance or exact distance..?
it is a lot easier to get relative distance than exact..
 
Well, exact distance.
Can't you get that by doing a series of relative measurements?

And anyhow, how do we measure relative distances?
 
Can electron microscopes help here? I know they can see stuff smaller than the wavelength of light.
 
They are very expensive even if you try and make one yourself. I am sure there are other more cost effective methods.

As for wavelength of light, that depends on what wavelength you are referring too.
 
Sid, not too sure what you want to measure, but mechanical parts are often measured using something called an optical comparator. Most precision machine shops have these things, and I'm sure if its use were applicable you could use one without having to pay for its use. It only takes a few seconds to measure something with it, and you don't need any experience or special knowledge to run one. They can measure lengths down to about 0.0001" or less. Here's a link to a description: http://www.starrett.com/pages/691_optical_comparators.cfm
 
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