What is Property: Definition and 635 Discussions

Property (latin: Res Privata) in the abstract is what belongs to or with something, whether as an attribute or as a component of said thing. In the context of this article, it is one or more components (rather than attributes), whether physical or incorporeal, of a person's estate; or so belonging to, as in being owned by, a person or jointly a group of people or a legal entity like a corporation or even a society. Depending on the nature of the property, an owner of property has the right to consume, alter, share, redefine, rent, mortgage, pawn, sell, exchange, transfer, give away or destroy it, or to exclude others from doing these things, as well as to perhaps abandon it; whereas regardless of the nature of the property, the owner thereof has the right to properly use it (as a durable, mean or factor, or whatever), or at the very least exclusively keep it.
In economics and political economy, there are three broad forms of property: private property, public property, and collective property (also called cooperative property). Property that jointly belongs to more than one party may be possessed or controlled thereby in very similar or very distinct ways, whether simply or complexly, whether equally or unequally. However, there is an expectation that each party's will (rather discretion) with regard to the property be clearly defined and unconditional, so as to distinguish ownership and easement from rent. The parties might expect their wills to be unanimous, or alternately every given one of them, when no opportunity for or possibility of dispute with any other of them exists, may expect his, her, its or their own will to be sufficient and absolute. The Restatement (First) of Property defines property as anything, tangible or intangible whereby a legal relationship between persons and the state enforces a possessory interest or legal title in that thing. This mediating relationship between individual, property and state is called a property regime.In sociology and anthropology, property is often defined as a relationship between two or more individuals and an object, in which at least one of these individuals holds a bundle of rights over the object. The distinction between "collective property" and "private property" is regarded as a confusion since different individuals often hold differing rights over a single object.Types of property include real property (the combination of land and any improvements to or on the land), personal property (physical possessions belonging to a person), private property (property owned by legal persons, business entities or individual natural persons), public property (state owned or publicly owned and available possessions) and intellectual property (exclusive rights over artistic creations, inventions, etc.), although the last is not always as widely recognized or enforced. An article of property may have physical and incorporeal parts. A title, or a right of ownership, establishes the relation between the property and other persons, assuring the owner the right to dispose of the property as the owner sees fit. The unqualified term "property" is often used to refer specifically to real property.

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  1. polyglot

    Question about Absorption Laws in Boolean Algebra

    According to my notes, the absorption law states that p ∨ (p ∧ q) = p, p ∧ (p ∨ q) = p I have found a video where they were discussing a partial absorption such as ¬q ∧ (¬p∨q) = ¬q ∧ ¬p This is not in my notes, but is this correct? specifically, is the terminology used to decribe this property...
  2. S

    Question about the property of PDF

    This is part of my note: Now, this is practice question: I want to ask why P(X = 2) is not zero, because from the note: P{X = a} = ##\int_{a}^{a} f(x) dx=0## ? If I differentiate F(x), I will get f(x) which is the pdf, then using the pdf to find P(X = 2), I think I will get zero as the...
  3. M

    Trying to understand the property of absolute value inequality

    First lets focus on ##|x|## which is defined as distance between ##x##and ##0##. But if we look into it closely $$13=|-11-2|$$ which is distance between -11 and 2 but $$13=|11-(-2)|$$ which means this is distance between 11 and -2. Which is it? In the same way $$x=|x-0|$$ is distance between 0...
  4. E

    I Non-Commutation Property and its Relation to the Real World

    I just learned that if two linear operators do not commute, this means when we use operators to characterize observables in quantum mechanics, the corresponding observables cannot both be definite at the same time. This seems hard to believe to me since I have a strong intuition, perhaps...
  5. Euge

    POTW Local Property of Flasque Sheaves

    Let ##X## be a topological space, and let ##\mathscr{F}## be a sheaf on ##X##. Show that if ##\mathscr{U}## is an open cover of ##X## such that the restriction ##\mathscr{F}|_U## is flasque for every ##U\in \mathscr{U}##, then ##\mathscr{F}## is flasque. Note: A sheaf ##\mathscr{G}## on ##X##...
  6. greg_rack

    Check on proof for property of the Laplace transform

    Could someone check whether my proof for this simple theorem is correct? I get to the result, but with the feeling of having done something very wrong :) $$\mathcal{L} \{f(ct)\}=\int_{0}^{\infty}e^{-st}f(ct)dt \ \rightarrow ct=u, \ dt=\frac{1}{c}du, \ \mathcal{L}...
  7. arivero

    I Does the property "equal charges repel" still work for non abelian theories?

    I recall that there was an argument from Born expansion showing that exchange of odd spin between equal sign charges generates a repulsive potential, and if the charges are different or the spin is even the potential is attractive. I wonder, how does it work for non abelian gauge theory...
  8. MevsEinstein

    B Popularizing a property for n-bonacci numbers without publishing it?

    Hi PF! Everyone knows that: $${\varphi }^2 - \varphi - 1 = 0$$ But guess what? $${\varphi}^3-2{\varphi}^2+1=0$$ Generalizing this for all n-bonacci numbers: $$x^{n+1}+1 = 2x^n$$ where ##x## is the n-bonacci number and ##n## is the degree of the polynomial that the n-bonacci number is a root of...
  9. I

    Proving Completeness property of ##\mathbb{R}## using Dedekind cuts

    So, I have to come up with some set which is lub A. Now, A is a subset of R, so each member of A is a Dedekind left set. So, A is a set of sets. Now, I propose that the following set would be lub of ##A##. $$ \alpha = \bigcup A = \{ \beta | \exists \delta \in A (\beta \in \delta) \} $$...
  10. H

    Proving a property of a Dedekind cut

    A Dedekind cut is a pair ##(A,B)##, where ##A## and ##B## are both subsets of rationals. This pair has to satisfy the following properties A is nonempty B is nonempty If ##a\in A## and ##c \lt a## then ##c \in A## If ##b \in B## and ## c\gt b## then ##c \in B## If ##b \not\in B## and ## a\lt...
  11. F

    Fourier transform: duality property and convolution

    Hello, First of all, I checked several other threads mentioning duality, but could not find a satisfying answer, and I don't want to revive years old posts on the subject; if this is bad practice, please notify me (my apologies if that is the case). For the past few days, I have had a lot of...
  12. H

    Sifting property of a Dirac delta inverse Mellin transformation

    Hi, I have to verify the sifting property of ##\frac{1}{2\pi i} \int_{-i\infty}^{i\infty} e^{-sa}e^{st} ds## which is the inverse Mellin transformation of the Dirac delta function ##f(t) = \delta(t-a) ##. let ##s = iw## and ##ds = idw## ##\frac{1}{2\pi} \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} e^{-iwa}e^{iwt}...
  13. K

    B Inductive proof for multiplicative property of sdet

    Hello! Reading Roger's book on supermanifolds one can find sketch of the proof for multiplicative property of super determinant. Which looks as follows All the words sounds reasonable however when it comes to the direct computation it turns out to be technical mess and I am about to give up. I...
  14. K

    A Hausdorff property of projective space

    Hello! I am reading "Differential Geometry and Mathematical Physics" by Rudolph and Schmidt. And they have and example of manifold (projective space). I believe that there is a typo in the book, but perhaps I miss something deep. Definitions are the following $$\mathbb{K}^n_\ast=\{\mathbf{x}\in...
  15. Euge

    MHB Projection Map $X \times Y$: Closure Property

    Here is this week's POTW: ----- Let $X$ and $Y$ be topological spaces. If $Y$ is compact, show that the projection map $p_X : X \times Y \to X$ is closed. -----
  16. K

    I How does inertia, a property of mass, arise?

    Do todays physicists have a deeper understanding on mass and inertia on how inertia arises?
  17. N

    MHB Proving Complemented Distributive Lattice Property

    Show that in a complemented distributive lattice a ≤ b ⇔ a ∗ bʹ = 0 ⇔ aʹ ⊕ b = 1 ⇔ aʹ ≤ bʹ. can somebody help me prove this.
  18. mcas

    Show that a partial molar property is an intensive property

    I started by taking a derivative: $$E = \sum_{i=1}^{\alpha} (E_i^{(p)} n_i) \ \ \ | \cdot \frac{\partial}{\partial n_i}$$ $$\frac{\partial E}{\partial n_i}=\sum_{i=1}^{\alpha} [\frac{\partial E_i^{(p)}}{\partial n_i}n_i + E_i^{(p)} \frac{\partial n_i}{\partial n_i}]$$ $$\frac{\partial...
  19. A

    A Question about a property of a matrix of transition probabilities

    In a 2012 article published in the Mathematical Gazette, in the game of golf hole score probability distributions were derived for a par three, four and five based on Hardy's ideas of how an hole score comes about. Hardy (1945) assumed that there are three types of strokes: a good (##G##)...
  20. S

    Electric Charge is basic property of matter or subatomic particles ?

    In some textbooks it is given that - Electric charge is the characteristic property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field. and In other textbooks it is given that - Electric Charge is the property of subatomic particles that causes it to...
  21. pallab

    A Why do Eu doped phosphors show fluorescence property without singlet?

    As it is mentioned fluorescence is a singlet to singlet transition and this is the reason that fluorescence is a fast process. now consider the Eu doped phosphor material where 5D0--->7F2 and other transitions show the prominent intensity peaks in down-conversion process. those are not singlet...
  22. zonde

    I Interpretation of Potential Energy as Field Property

    I will quote this statement from another thread: In that thread number of other posters seemed to agree with this statement. So I tried to analyze it a bit. For the sake of my questions let's say we limit GR to Schwarzschild spacetime and if there are problems with gravitational potential...
  23. M

    Engineering Filter Linear Phase Property for non-integer time delays

    Hi, I just have a quick question regarding the linear phase property of filters. It might be easier to provide some context before getting to the question, but feel free to skip to the bottom. Consider a system input as a discrete sequence obtained by sampling at t = 0, T, . . . , kT from an...
  24. greg_rack

    Vector cross product anti-commutative property

    That may sound really silly, and that may be due to my lack of understanding of the operations itself, but: if ##|\vec{a}\times\vec{b}|=|\vec{a}|\cdot|\vec{b}|sin\theta##, being ##\theta## the angle between the two vectors, how could ##\vec{b}\times\vec{a}## be different? Wouldn't it be just the...
  25. T

    B Question on a property of a function which is not a metric

    We have the function d from VxV to another set(not necessarily R) for which the following properties are to be satisfied: i) d(x,y)=0<=>x=y ii)d(x,y)=d(y,x) iii)d(x,z)≤(d2(x,y)+d2(y,z))1/2 ∀ x,y,z ∈ V. What do you say? Would this function have interesting properties on a set and theorems to be...
  26. S

    B Commutative & Associative property of negative numbers

    Commutative property of addition. If a & b are integers then, a+b = b+a 2+3 = 3+2 5. Does not work for subtraction. 2-3 = -1 3-2= 1 Having said that, what about the special case with negative numbers (when we also move their respective signs) -5 + 7 = 2 & 7 + (-5) = 2. 15 -7 = 8 & -7 + 15...
  27. A

    Is Abstraction an absolute property?

    I came across this line in my java textbook-"Abstraction is the absolute property of a class".i want to know what does absolute property exactly mean and why it is considered an absolute property?Also how does it effect(or is useful) when we practically do programming?
  28. jack action

    News Abuse of Intellectual Property Rights

    This is why I don't like intellectual property laws: Hacker Mods Old Calculator to Access the Internet, CASIO Files DMCA Complaint
  29. A

    A Variation coefficient property

    For a random variable Ti, SD (Ti) / E (Ti) ≤ 1 with SD (Ti) = (Var (Ti))1/2 and E (Ti) the expectation of Ti and Var (Ti) the variance of Ti. My question now is whether the following property then also applies. For any variable T, SD (T) / E (T) ≤ 1 where T = T1 + T2 + ... + TN and where...
  30. J

    Other What in my PhD thesis is my intellectual property and what's the Uni's

    I am currently writing my thesis and basically the conclusion is, in part, a statement about how this work can be built upon. I received a post-doc that is almost a natural extension of my thesis. One of the reasons I accepted it was so I could work on some ideas that I have had that I never...
  31. S

    Is there a property that defines how much water a hygroscopic salt can absorb?

    Is there some property that I can look up which would tell me how much water a hygroscopic salt can absorb (per unit mass of salt; for example anhydrous lithium chloride) before it's saturated and won't absorb any more?
  32. M

    Fourier series and the shifting property of Fourier transform

    Summary:: If ##f(x)=-f(x+L/2)##, where L is the period of the periodic function ##f(x)##, then the coefficient of the even term of its Fourier series is zero. Hint: we can use the shifting property of the Fourier transform. So here's my attempt to this problem so far...
  33. R

    Why gravitational potential energy is a system property?

    Spring has more potential energy when it is compressed or stretched from its initially balanced state. As external work is done, it stores energy in the form of potential energy. Here, we know energy is stored in spring but For the Earth-ball system, where the energy stored?
  34. U

    I Proof involving functional graphs and the injective property

    Definition: Let ##G## be a graph. ##G## is a functional graph if and only if ##(x_1,y_1) \in G## and ##(x_1,y_2) \in G## implies ##y_1=y_2##. Problem statement, as written: Let ##G## be a functional graph. Prove that ##G## is injective if and only if for arbitrary graphs ##J## and ##H##, ##G...
  35. U

    I Proof involving functional graphs and the injective property

    My only qualm is that the statement “Let G be a functional graph” never came into play in my proof, although I believe it to be otherwise consistent. Can someone take a look and let me know if I missed something, please? Or is there another reason to include that piece of information?
  36. Opalg

    MHB Numbers with a quadratic property

    A recent https://mathhelpboards.com/potw-secondary-school-high-school-students-35/problem-week-411-apr-5th-2020-a-27196.html#post119308 asked about properties of a pair of positive integers $x$, $y$ such that $2x^2+x = 3y^2+y$. But it is not obvious that any such pairs exist. So the challenge...
  37. M

    MHB Property of real-valued Fourier transformation

    Hey! :o When it is given that a signal $x(t)$ has a real-valued Fourier transformation $X(f)$ then is the signal necessarily real-valued? I have thought the following: $X_R(ω)=\frac{1}{2}[X(ω)+X^{\star}(ω)]⟺\frac{1}{2}[x(t)+x^{\star}(−t)]=x_e(t) \\ X_I(ω)=\frac{1}{2i} [X(ω)−X^{\star}(ω)]⟺...
  38. Arman777

    I Understanding the property of the Comoving Coordinate

    In Weinberg's Cosmology, the comoving coordinate described as "A particle at rest in these coordinates will, therefore, stay at rest, so these are co-moving coordinates" Now when we write the proper distance ##s = a(t)\chi## where ##\chi## is the comoving coordinate. Taking the time...
  39. B

    I The spin of the neutron is a quantized property

    In the brilliant.org website talking about quantum properties it is said that neutrons coming from a nuclear oven and passing through two permanent magnets of opposite polarity hit a surface only at the top and the bottom of it (there is no continuity) because the spin property is quantized and...
  40. E

    Ansys Maxwell - Read Property

    Hello How can i read Properties from Electronic Desktop? I think, i has to use the GetPropertyValue methode, but i don't know how to parameterize. As example the speed parameter. This parameter can be wirtten als follows, but how is it read? oDesign.ChangeProperty Array("NAME:AllTabs"...
  41. George Keeling

    I Metric compatibility? Why is it an additional property?

    In chapter 3 of Sean Carroll's Introduction to General Relativity he 'makes the demand' of metric compatibility of a connection that ##\nabla_\mu g_{\lambda\nu}=0##. Metric compatibility becomes a phrase that is used frequently. However metric compatibility seems to arise naturally. One only...
  42. A

    Semigroup property for convolution

    Summary: Show that for this family of functions the following semigroup property with respect to convolution holds. Hi. My task is to prove that for the family of functions defined as: $$ f_{a}(x) = \frac{1}{a \pi} \cdot \frac{1}{1 + \frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}} } $$ The following semigroup property...
  43. L

    Is rotation a relative property?

    I was recently trying to explain to a grandchild the relative nature of velocity (the different paths of a coin dropped by a passenger on a train, as seen by the passenger on one hand and a trackside observer on the other), and the invalidity of the concept of absolute velocity. For some reason...
  44. christang_1023

    I How to understand this property of Geometric Distribution

    There is a property to geometric distribution, $$\text{Geometric distribution } Pr(x=n+k|x>n)=P(k)$$. I understand it in such a way: ##X## is independent, that's to say after there are ##(n+k-1)## successive failures, ##k## additional trials performed afterward won't be impacted, so these ##k##...
  45. M

    Why do we care about the identity property of an operation?

    I am reading a lot of stuff on advanced algebra and running into these questions. Thank you
  46. E

    B When to think of PE as property of a system vs of a particle

    This is a bit of a vague question, but I was wondering if someone could explain. As far as I know, potential energy is formally a property of a system (for instance, the GPE of two gravitationally attracting particles). In many physics problems it happens to be the case that one of the bodies...
  47. S

    Least Upper Bound Property ⇒ Archimedean Principle

    Hello! I was wondering if this proof was correct? Thanks in advance! Given: A totally ordered field, ##\mathbb{F}##. Claim: Least Upper Bound Property (l.u.b.) ⇒ Archimedean Principle (AP) --- Proof. I will show that the contrapositive is true; that is, if ##\mathbb{F}## does not have the AP...
  48. A

    Why is pressure an intensive property?

    Here is how I thought about it Consider a surface on which atoms bump into, and if I increase the number of atoms and at the same time allow the surface area to increase as well the pressure is still the same because these atoms occupy have size and thus occupy a certain area , and If they are...
  49. M

    Proof a property for a 3x3 matrix

    Let a 3 × 3 matrix A be such that for any vector of a column v ∈ R3 the vectors Av and v are orthogonal. Prove that At + A = 0, where At is the transposed matrix.
  50. B

    A What property of air makes it compressible?

    What would you change about air to make it have the same density at sea level but the atmosphere would only be a few miles high instead of a several hundred miles high? I am a high school physics teacher. As I ponder this possibility, my first thought is I could increase the strength of the...
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