What is Arduino: Definition and 140 Discussions

Arduino () is an open-source hardware and software company, project and user community that designs and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and microcontroller kits for building digital devices. Its hardware products are licensed under a CC-BY-SA license, while software is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) or the GNU General Public License (GPL), permitting the manufacture of Arduino boards and software distribution by anyone. Arduino boards are available commercially from the official website or through authorized distributors.
Arduino board designs use a variety of microprocessors and controllers. The boards are equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that may be interfaced to various expansion boards ('shields') or breadboards (for prototyping) and other circuits. The boards feature serial communications interfaces, including Universal Serial Bus (USB) on some models, which are also used for loading programs. The microcontrollers can be programmed using the C and C++ programming languages, using a standard API which is also known as the "Arduino language". In addition to using traditional compiler toolchains, the Arduino project provides an integrated development environment (IDE) and a command line tool (arduino-cli) developed in Go.
The Arduino project began in 2005 as a tool for students at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in Ivrea, Italy, aiming to provide a low-cost and easy way for novices and professionals to create devices that interact with their environment using sensors and actuators. Common examples of such devices intended for beginner hobbyists include simple robots, thermostats and motion detectors.
The name Arduino comes from a bar in Ivrea, Italy, where some of the founders of the project used to meet. The bar was named after Arduin of Ivrea, who was the margrave of the March of Ivrea and King of Italy from 1002 to 1014.

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  1. andymag

    Arduino mini pro 328p 16Mhz Voltage

    Hi guys, I am currently building a small device that is to be powered by a 3.7V battery and is run by an Arduino mini pro 328p 16Mhz microcontroller board. This board is to be powered by a 5V power supply according to the specifications. So I would need to add a step up converter, although I...
  2. S

    Arduino: Unwanted delay & "0" after Serial.parseInt

    This Arduino sketch is supposed to wait for a number and then print it back with a message. But for some reason its gets an extra "0" from the TTY each time I actually type a number. There is about half second delay before the "0" is responded to. int num; void setup() { // put your setup...
  3. C

    How to rig multiple IR2103 to form an H-bridge to excite transformer

    I am designing a machine that puts out constant ,and I want to put it through an H-bridge style setup to reverse the polarity at 50hz, by utilising IR2103 half-bridge's and arduino. after hat the 55v at 50hz will excite a transformer with turn ration 4.182 to achieve approximately 230v ac...
  4. N

    Calculating Motor Load Capacity for a 4kg Vehicle

    TL;DR Summary: I need help with calculating how much a motor will be able to pull. Hi all, I am currently in my first year of engineering and we have a project which requires us to use motors to drive a 4kg max vehicle. I was planning on using the very common yellow DC motors which have...
  5. mastermechanic

    Electronics How to control a stepper motor in closed loop (PID) in arduino?

    Hello, What I have I have a NEMA17 stepper motor driven by a DRV8825 driver module, an arduino uno, a multiturn potentiometer. What I want to do I want to control the stepper motors in a PID closed loop. The motor shaft will be connected to the potentiometer and I will be sure that the motor...
  6. Leo Liu

    Using Arduino to Obtain Absolute Orientation from a 6-Axis Gyro

    The gyro has 6 inertial axes and 3 magnetic axes. How do I make them work together to get the orientation of the rocket in the reference fixed to the ground? I found something from Matlab but I am not sure how it works...
  7. S

    How to measure solar panel voltage using arduino?

    I would like to make the solar system a bit smarter. The challenge is that the voltage is high (up to 351Vdc) and the solar negative is typically 40-70V UNDER the "system ground". "System ground" is shared among battery negative, charger negative, inverter ground and ground cable digged down...
  8. Vittorio34

    AI project ideas, using Arduino or Raspberry

    Hello everyone, I'm a high school student and I'm looking for ideas. My teacher wants us to realize something that is useful for the society and that is INNOVATIVE and CREATIVE(not the common things you do with AI). He would like us to realize something that is "Touchable", like a model or a...
  9. hugo_faurand

    How to make an audio processing device for noise reduction ?

    Hello everyone !I am working on noise reduction and I wanted to do some experiments with an arduino. I took an arduino which get music (as an example) in input by jack. It also has a microphone and in a first try the goal is to get as an output the music - the noise around... To act like a kind...
  10. A

    Audio/Video How Can I Create a Touch Sensitive Volume Knob for My Audio Card?

    Hi, I am trying to think how to make a DYI volume knob to control variable actions on my audio card. But I don’t want one with buttons to toggle the actions.. instead I want to make one with a touch sensitive lcd screen and make the scroll knob (a físicas one) around the screen bc I want to use...
  11. Stonestreecty

    Troubleshooting Laser Diode Circuit with Arduino and PN2222a Transistor

    Hi, all I have a circuit where the base transistor (PN2222a) leg is plugged into the pin 9 of the Arduino. When I power everything up and send the signal from the Arduino to the transistor base leg, the laser diode doesn’t light up, but my design strictly follows Complete Tech Guide to Laser...
  12. mastermechanic

    How to implement PID control in Arduino w/o using loop function?

    Last week I encountered a problem in my graduate project. The project was about designing an autonomous and mobile robot that picks up 9 glass tiles from a stack point and place them into a 3x3 matrix with minimum tolerance. I am using a DC motor with an infinite turn potentiometer for closed...
  13. Wrichik Basu

    Arduino and zero crossing — Non-uniform spikes in interrupt signal

    Here is my circuit for detecting zero crossing with Arduino (same circuit as this thread, but with the correction for the interrupt pin): Once again, I am using analogRead(A0) as an oscilloscope. The interrupts are detected fine, and my Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) is also being called...
  14. Wrichik Basu

    Interrupts in Arduino not working (for detecting zero crossing)

    In my previous thread, I learned about the H11AA1 optocoupler, which can be used instead of the 4N35 to detect zero crossings with Arduino. Arduino has a specific function for detecting interrupts: attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(pin), ISR, mode) This function is supposed to be used...
  15. Wrichik Basu

    Zero crossing detector for Arduino using 4N35 optocoupler

    I am designing a zero crossing detector for Arduino using the 4N35 optocoupler. This is just a small part of a large project. I haven't bought the components yet, so do not ask me for readings. Everything is in the planning phase now. My input will be a 6-0-6 transformer (220V to 6V step down)...
  16. Rx7man

    Interfacing a piezo to an arduino

    I'm looking to build a device that takes a pulse from a piezo crystal and interface it to a microcontroller.. I know the piezo is a very high voltage device, so I need to find some way to make it compatible.. I looked it up on the Arduino site and it seems like a terribly primitive method to use...
  17. agnimusayoti

    Resources to learn Arduino

    Hi everyone. Could you give me textbook or another resources to learn Arduino? Thankss
  18. H

    Designing a DC Motor Torsional Spring Circuit with Arduino Uno

    I'm a relatively new entry into the world of electronics so my understanding of what is possible may not be an accurate one. In a nutshell, I would like to have a DC motor act as a torsional spring with some variable virtual spring constant (k). The motor, or "spring", would act against an...
  19. P

    Comp Sci Mars Rover Project code w/ Arduino

    Mentor note: I have removed author information and have enclosed the code below in code tags. First library: MarsRover_lineFinder2.ino #include <ZumoShield.h> #include "MRlinelib.h" #include <QTRSensors.h> #include <Pushbutton.h> #include <ZumoReflectanceSensorArray.h> #include <ZumoMotors.h>...
  20. H

    DIY dyno calculation with an Arduino sensor circuit

    I would like to know if this formulae i have are good enough to make calculations. My plan is to count time of each roll with Arduino.I don't have roller yet so i don't know moment of inertia.angular acceleration = radians/secounds TORQUE = moment of inertia (kg∙m2) * angular acceleration RPM =...
  21. N

    Hacked pulsed laser driver using Arduino

    Hey all, I am trying to hack a 5mW laser pointer to be pulsed according to a driver signal from an Arduino. The laser pointer itself has an internal forward bias resistance of 22k and is driven by 2x AAA batteries. An oscilloscope says that the output voltage from the Arduino is a +5V...
  22. Automatic Strike Bowling Ball

    Automatic Strike Bowling Ball

    You don't need to be good at bowling if you're good at engineering.
  23. opus

    Electronics Trying first Arduino Project- Need Some Help

    Hi. I'm trying to get something started on an Arduino Project and I've never done one before, so I'm looking for a little clarification. If you have a look at the posted images, you can see that the "labels" for the LCD screen for the tutorial and aren't the same as the labels for the LCD screen...
  24. V

    Find the Acceleration and Distance from the Output of an Accelerometer Sensor

    My question is kindof related to physics, as I have an Accelerometer sensor through which I am able to get the sensor data as following: x = 192 y = 433 z = -453 I need to convert these values in such a way so that It will share Acceleration in cm or meters, And also what concept I should use...
  25. S

    A change in the dielectric constant changes the current or voltage?

    hi everyone! i am not into physics, but need it now,i am a programmer workin on an IOT project...so kinda need help. i want to use a capacitor to see what passed between two plates...knowing, it is the change in dielectric after certain intervals...how do i measure the change at the other...
  26. M

    MATLAB Issue in EMG signal using matlab with arduino

    Hello I'm working on project for "design & implementation of EMG data acquisition" for now I completed the design and connected the output of the system to arduino uno to read the emg signal in real time with MATLAB 2017b using arduino support package. the problem is that the signal looks as...
  27. Wrichik Basu

    Rounding down measured value in Arduino

    I am making a circuit with arduino that will read AC voltage supplied to the mains, and based on that value, control a solid state relay. As per my theory till date, if the AC is >=205 or <= 230V, the relay will be on, otherwise it will be off. The circuits have been borrowed from here: AC...
  28. Tone L

    How Can I Record a Raw Analog Signal with an Arduino Using a Circuit Board?

    Greetings. I have a system that is powered by 5V . You will see below in the image. The system displays the difference between the Hi and Lo signal digitally, on the display which the board is plugged into. However. I want to store the data maybe in a SD card? Using Arduino? How do I harness the...
  29. R

    Interface Wireless Frequency Sensor with Arduino

    Hello, I am going to interface wireless frequency meter transmitter with Arduino but before starting regarding sensor, I need to test the signal strength of this sensor (at different distances) by interfacing it with Arduino, I have never been used such kind of sensor before so any suggestion...
  30. CaptainAmerica17

    Electronics Best way to scavenge parts for a robotic arm?

    I'm a bit new to DIY robotics and for one of my first projects, I want to build a robotic arm. I'm still thinking out the plan for it, but I'm going to need to start gathering parts. Does anyone know of the best way to get parts if you don't have immediate access to a 3D printer? Does anyone go...
  31. S

    Auto/Motor Need help choosing the necessary motor for my first ever DIY project

    Hello, I have decided that no matter how many times I ask, people will always leave my bedroom door open. Therefore, I have decided to try my hand at a DYI project to create an automatic door closer. I'm aware these already exist but I'm also doing this because I've always been interested in...
  32. adamaero

    What is the ASCII code an ultrasonic sensor will output?

    Problem statement For an ultrasonic sensor (MB7380) sending 8 data BITS, no parity and one stop bit, what is the ASCII code it will give for a certain distance like 0.15 meters (0.5')? maxbotix.com/documents/HRXL-MaxSonar-WR_Datasheet.pdf#page=2 Attempt at a solution I do not know how to...
  33. G

    Misc. Exploring Materials Engineering with DIY Test Machine & Arduino

    Hello there. I'm a veteran science teacher at the middle and high school level. I've taught a few years of physics and am interested in moving towards engineering. I have looked at a number of available curricula like Project Lead the Way which require a significant investment in time and money...
  34. F

    Rotation Measurment with Encoders

    I am trying to both design a code for Arduino and build a circuit connected with the Arduino which uses 3 anode 7 segment and 3 resistor arrays with 7 pins to connect to the Arduino Uno. The encoder is a rotary encoder. I have Pin A of the rotary encoder connected to pin 13 of the Arduino and...
  35. Wrichik Basu

    Some basic questions about the Arduino UNO

    I am a beginner in Arduino, and will soon buy the UNO board. I have a few questions about it before I buy: 1. What are the options of powering the board? I found on the net that there is a DC plugin option. But will it work on a power bank (for mobile, through USB) supplying 5V? 2. If I press...
  36. F

    AC Signals in Arduino: Is It Possible?

    Hello Everyone, I have a question about the type of signals that are used in projects involving the microcontroller Arduino or similar ones. It seems that the currents and voltages in these microcontroller's projects all unidirectional, i.e. they can vary with time in different fashions but...
  37. H

    Alternative to Relay for Accurate Time Measurement Experiments

    I am carrying out a physics experiment to measure g by free fall using an Arduino. This experiment requires accurate time measurements of upto a millisecond. I am using a relay to turn on/off an electromagnet and there is a maximum lag of 10ms due to the relay. I am a complete beginner. Please...
  38. Y

    What are some good resources to learn basic electronics?

    Hello. I am working on a project with my friends with a Arduino like microcontroller. I can understand the code and all but I don't know how certain electronic components(like H-bridge) function. What are some good resources to learn about them?
  39. ISamson

    Difference between Analog and Digital Pins on my Arduino Board

    I wanted to ask what the difference between analog and digital pins is on my Arduino (or any other board). I have been using both but don't really know what the difference is. Thanks!
  40. ISamson

    Computer EE and DIY Websites -- Arduino

    Hello, I finally now own an Arduino UNO with the https://store.arduino.cc/usa/arduino-starter-kit and having completed all the projects in the book am looking for ways to extend myself with Arduino. I have had a look at many DIY websites (makesine, hackster.io, diyhacking...) but they have...
  41. ISamson

    Which Arduino shield is best for Internet of Things projects?

    Hello, It is quite a while now that I have had my Arduino UNO and am getting a bit tired of the only components that I have in my Starter Kit. I have conducted online searches and found numerous interesting Internet of Things projects on hackster.io. Most of them use the ESP266 or MKR1000...
  42. ISamson

    Connecting With Other Arduino Lovers - Join the Discussion!

    Hello, May I ask, are there any Arduino lovers here? I would like to know, because I have just started with Arduino and wish to know who I could ask if I have a problem or interesting project idea... Thank you. P.S. I have the Arduino starter kit.
  43. T

    How to know that your Arduino can handle a servo motor?

    I am very new to electronics. How to know if my Arduino can handle a motor? I have a "Carson-model Sport 500502015 CS3 Reflex racing servo" - is it ok and how to know? Afrotechmods said that plugging a bigger motor (anything that draws more than a few mA) would be bad for an Arduino. How can I...
  44. ISamson

    Arduino Starter Kit Project Ideas

    Hello, I have ordered an arduino atarter kit and plan to explore some programming and electronics. Do you have any interesting project ideas for me? Thanks.
  45. ISamson

    Buy Arduino Kit: Best Offer Under $100 AUD

    Hello, I have been planning to purchase an Arduino kit. Since I am a beginner, I am wondering what will be the best offer for me within the range of 100AUD. I thought I would ask the experts! Thank you.
  46. William123

    Switching high voltages with arduino and a relay

    Hello I came across this video on youtube where a guy was switching a lightbulb on and off with an arduino and a relay (). I was bothered by how he left out the phase wire (look at the image at 4 mins and 53 sec in). People mostly seem to be complaining about how he is breaking the ground...
  47. S

    4WD Arduino Controlled car - Problem with motor shield

    I've been working with what will be a small Arduino 4WD controlled car, however now I've found a problem. The motor shield I used is an Arduino UNO motor shield R3, v3, which means that it can only control 2 motors, howerver I'll be using 4. Is there any way to use this same shild but apply all...
  48. K

    What is Primary Perception and How Can it Benefit the World?

    Education: - Associate of Science in Electronics Technology 1980 - Bachelor of Technology in Business Administration w/Management option 1991 - completed pre-Dentistry coursework (including the less-required Molecular Biology course) 2004 - Associate of Science in Dental Hygiene 2006 -...
  49. S

    Reading a lot of data very quickly with Arduino?

    Hi all, I am currently working on an Arduino project that involves multiple stepper motors. The motors are told how to move by an external txt file. However, sometimes the processing of how the steppers have to move takes longer than the actual movements themselves. Some movements should only...
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