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but there are not the same number of molecule at top than at bottom (density is different), ok molecules move back and forth but it's quantity of movement I think ?

yeah, shock :thumbs: no air, but water molecule and the container walls (it's vibrations)

I don't say it's pressure, just "chocs". It's energy from heating, like there are more atoms at bottom than top (per volume because density is different), why temperature don't give a force to up ?

OK, sorry if my english is not perfect :thumbs: First question: the weight of a column of water is given by the pressure at bottom multiply by surface. If I add an object in it with vacuum in it (theoretical study) and attached with a rope at bottom, the water move up, the pressure increase...

1/ Like density in water change with depth, the number of chocs (from temperature) is not the same all around the bubble. The bubble have an additional up force I think. But the weight is directly the volume of bubble by the density of water. The weight can be change with temperature ? Maybe...

yes, the circle is fixed at its center only, an arm keep cylinder when it pass near it. The circle can turn freely.

I'm interesting about the center of gravity. The radius of gas increase in the cylinder so the centripetal forces decrease (mv²/r), the speed of cylinder decrease too, the energy is converted to pressure, so the centripetal forces decrease too. In this case, how the center of gravity don't move...

So in this case we can change velocity in pressure. Imagine a system like drawing, a solid move in translation at V1, a cylinder with gas inside move in translation at -V2, V2>V1. If after turn some degrees, V2 slow down to V1, we can turn the system around a circle. But the center of gravity...

so the kinetics energy of cylinder slow down, this lost of energy is in energy of the pressure of gas, is that ?

Why is not possible to use this simple cycle for recover energy from unique temperature ? 1/ (first drawing) For limited friction I think it's possible to put outside pressure of 10 nPa. The speed velocity of the cylinder is constant, I think it's possible to use small speed like 20 m/s but...

Could you explain a little more, I don't understand ? For me: if the valve give works at step 3, G1 and G2 lost temperature, when G2 start to become a liquid it give energy at G1 gas, this energy can be recover from valve. When G2 is liquid: stop to recover energy form valve. But the reality...

I'm not sure because the expansion of gas reduce temperature of 2 gas, if this temperature is below the temperature of liquefaction of gas G2, why this gas don't become a liquid because it has always a pressure from G1 gas ? The expansion of 2 gas can continue in the time G2 become a liquid...

The system is isolated except heating from atmosphere. The heating from atmosphere give energy to gas and liquid at step 2. But like that, the system recover energy from only one source of heating, this break the 2° law of thermodynamics and it's not possible. My questions is: Is it possible...

nobody for help me ?

I'm trying to find why this thermodynamics cycle is not possible but I don't find. The only problem for me is at step 3, the gas can't become a liquid but why ?