Sorry, I put in a draft version instead of the 'real' one. PF is a great forum and my desire is to contribute, not to detract.
I did not mean to include the first sentence (big mistake). The sentence was an overview to help me focus on providing a response to your post. I fully intended...
Sir, I think there is a problem with your units.
Electronvolts do not equal volts
qV \neq V
An ElectronVolt qV is the amount of voltage's energy that converts to kinetic energy when an electron passes through 1 volt (V) of electric potential difference.
In a synchrotron, each...
Ok, consider the units: VOLTS are Joules per coulomb
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt V = \frac{J}{C}
An ELECTRONVOLT has the unit 'Joules'
1 eV = 1.602 17×10^{-19} Joule.
Energy conversion tables list electronvolts, not volts. For example:
http://onlineconversion.com/energy.htm
The energy unit ELECTRONVOLT differs from eV, (eV is volts or energy per charge. Wikipedia explains the energy unit 'electronvolt'.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronvolt
Yes if you mean the energy required to bring an electron from infinity to the 1V spot. For example: a 1.5 volt battery does not have one contact point on an electron and another contact point near the electron. As with any unit of energy, electronvolts can be independent of any particular...
Let there be three electronvolts of energy between a tube’s cathode and plate with a voltage of one volt. Let thermionic emission release one electron at the cathode. From the definition of electronvolt (the energy a point charge gains when it travels through one volt), that electron gains one...
Hi D.H.
I rebel at the thought that physics is cut and dry. I do not object to the idea that classical physics is an idealization of the real world; I object to the idea that the difference between classical physics, quantum physics and relativity are almost by definition ‘unexplainable’...
Hi Mark,
The forces pulling on the spring could have been the result of a mass suspended by the spring. Perhaps I should have mentioned that if F1 equals –F2, the weight of the mass equals the pull on that end of the spring, equals the pull on the supporting bracket.
When F1 does not...
Hi Redbelly,
In practice, acceleration is limited by the speed of light. For example: the speed of light limits quantized acceleration of a neutrino.
The original problem did not specify that F1 and F2 are equal or that the force is gravitational. Magnetism, the electrostatic field of a...
I suppose some neutrinos are supposed to be massless and acceleration could occur if the neutrino interacted with an atom (converting neutrino energy to kinetic energy).
If F1 and F2 are constant, but unequal, the massless spring would likely instantly reach the speed of light.
I think that it is extremely difficult to build a durable non-superconductive 5T magnet
Albeit the following would not produce a pulsed magnetic field, perhaps it is possible to modify an existing superconductive magnet, to produce a square wave of magnetic energy. Commercial 5T...
Hi Lichen,
Pulsed solenoids are outside my area of expertise; the following is my ‘opinion’.
I am surprised about your use of heat shrink-wrap on a potentially high temperature magnet. I also thought you would want a high density of coils (square wire windings with high temperature...
Hi Lichen,
I assume you have given due consideration to the usual design requirements. For example, minimizing electrical resistance has the following potential benefits - faster response, good thermal efficiency, lower operational cost, reduced applied voltage requirements (increased...
From the URL
http://farside.ph.utexas.edu/teaching/316/lectures/node116.html
The equation relating magnetism to current is:
\oint B\cdot\partial r=\mu_{0}(I+I_{D})
D in this equation violates Ampere’s law. There is generally a problem with relating point charges to voltage...
Hi Defennder
I’ve prepared a PowerPoint sideshow that is definitely 'draft' to provide an overview of my radical ideas related to point charge physics. The sideshow can be downloaded from the following website:
http://mysite.verizon.net/vzezz9ms/
Let me know if you have any problems...
Hi Defennder
I appreciate the help you have been providing. I wish to apologize for making the following comment.
I used ‘shorting’ to mean the short-circuit condition used in network theory to describe a general condition of zero voltage. For example, the term short-circuit admittance (or...
I was hoping to keep this short and simple. Basically this is a disagreement over whether or not a voltage gradient must be nearby point charges. Perhaps the following scenario will settle the disagreement.
A voltage gradient will always accelerate a point charge within the voltage...
Hi Defennder,
The existence of a voltage field within a vacuum is one of the problems that James Maxwell broached through the use of 'displacement current'. I suppose my 'no point charge' approach to the voltage within a vacuum problem is controversial, but I found this approach convenient for...
Hi DaleSpam
I am trying to reconcile the difference between shorting a capacitor and shorting the voltage between capacitors. I suppose I should first ask about ‘sheets of charge’.
A voltage gradient within a charged peanut shaped piece of Styrofoam does not require conductive plates...
Isn’t there a problem with voltage gradients bound by conductors?
The amount of energy above a horizontal charge sheet equals the energy below the charge sheet. Placing a conductor on one side of a charge sheet converts (shorts) half the charge sheet’s energy. The short converts voltage's...
Hi DaleSpam,
Thank you for your thoughtful opinion.
The conductors in an electronic vacuum tube are tube elements that control (not short) the vacuum voltage gradients between elements. There is no current in the conductor inserted between to charged insulators within a vacuum, because...
Placing a conductor between two charges does not change the electrostatic force between the charges. Adding capacitor plates to each of the two isolated charged insulators can reduce the voltage gradient between the two insulators to zero, w/o changing the force between the two charged...
Hi Defennder,
Perhaps I did misinterpret your response. Let us start over. I would like you (or others) to provide whatever assistance you can in clarifying a problem. I would like to know more about the nature of the field beyond a capacitor’s plates.
A vacuum separates two charged...
Hi DaleSpam,
The force between the charges is said to be the source of voltage’s energy. Near the + plate, there is a net excess of + charges; near the – plate, there is an excess of – charges. Kirchoff’s current law specifies that “current in equals current out”, therefore + charges in equal...
Thank you DaleSpam for identifying which characteristics differ in a charged versus polar molecule. I really did not know that charged material has a different number of positive versus negative charges. I am having some trouble verifying your net charge hypothesis. Perhaps you could either...
Perhaps Defennder should re-read his 1st response:
In my responses to Defennder’s 1st response, I (tried to) put forth the idea that:
1. Dielectric material can be charged w/o the requirement of dielectric breakdown, albeit one of the charging methods is the triboelectric effect.
2...
There is a difference between charged and polarized. Charged material contains voltage's energy. Polarized material contains polar molecules.
Some texts claim that dielectric material becomes polarized when exposed to an electromagnetic field.
Consider that when a vacuum capacitor...
Perhaps the following URL provides an overview of methods to charge insulative materials.
http://www.experiencefestival.com/a/Electrostatic_generator_-_Description/id/1357749 [Broken]
Perhaps I should provide some detail on the necessity of plates in the Wimshurst generator example. The...
What happens when you sandwich an uncharged capacitor between two charged capacitors?
1. Just as a piece of Styrofoam can have a static electric charge, a capacitor's dielectric material can be charged, without the requirement of capacitor plates.
2. Given 3 equal pieces of dielectric...
Correction: in the previous post,
"The amount of magnetic energy converting to volts in the resistor must be subtracted from the amount of magnetic energy converting to voltage's energy in the capacitor."
should be changed to "During charging, resistor volts + capacitor volts nearly equal...
In an LC oscillator, energy converts back and forth between magnetic energy and voltage's energy. When magnetic energy is max, exactly how does the capacitor begin converting the moving point charges into stationary point charges?
IN A CIRCUIT CONTAINING A VOLTAGE SOURCE, RESISTOR AND A CAPACITOR:
Volts across the wire (inductor) initially equals source volts, because capacitor and resistor volts equal zero. The rate source volts converts to magnetism is maximum.
Magnetism is produced in the inductor and all...
The superconductor is an inductor; the combination of a capacitor plus an inductor is an oscillator.
\omega = \sqrt{\frac{1}{LC}}
Understanding the relation between voltage and magnetism is important. You should be able to answer the following question:
In an open circuit, attaching...
Point charges w/velocity have a magnetic field. How does an uncharged capacitor slow the point charges to zero velocity?
Shouldn't elastic collisions with other point charges or atoms predominate, followed by inelastic collisions that convert point charge kinetic energy to thermal energy?
Most students harbor some misconceptions about point charges and magnetism. For example, many do not know that magnetism cannot accelerate point charges.
I was thinking exposing the misconceptions as magnetism myths. Perhaps twenty would be enough to present within the education section...
Balloon wall thickness and material are not standardized, thus vary greatly. Mylar balloons usually have less air leakage than rubber, but are usually more expensive.
The greater the difference between inside and outside pressure, the greater the leakage rate. A freshly filled helium...
A rubber balloon filled with AIR will leak, because air can pass through the rubber. Perhaps the leakage rate compensates for thermal expansion from heat from the sun (PV = nRT). Over time, the sun degrades the elasticity and quality of the rubber, possibly causing failure.
If the balloon...
A voltmeter is any device that measures voltage, even if the device is something that measures kinetic energy of a point charge after voltage's acceleration.
Some aspects of voltage's energy that can be used to determine existence and/or amount of voltage are:
1. Volts can convert to...
Perhaps this URL may provide some insight. "http://www.sparkmuseum.com/ELECTROSCOPE.HTM" [Broken]
A typical (older) gold leaf electrometer had gold leaves attached to a metal plate (lid) of a capacitor (in the form of a container with glass separating a top plate from a bottom plate).
After...
The objective of most writing is to teach. Fiction has the the flexibility to combine teaching with moral behavior, character development & entertainment.
Perhaps a purely reactive character and a purely resistive character might at first fear each other (because of burnout and energy...
What induced emf? For a generator w/superconductive windings and a short (superconductive load), ALL VOLTAGE IS ZERO. Cranking the generator just adds more magnetic energy to the inductive load. Electric generators produce magnetism. EMF (volts) only occur if magnetic energy converts to...
In high frequency circuit design, all bends are 90 degrees. Curves increase inductance. The inductance of the curve increases the time the wire requires to reach full current. During this time, electromagnetic energy (voltage's energy) is converting to magnetic energy in the wire, instead of...
An open circuit coil cannot convert kinetic energy to magnetism because the open circuit prevents the existence of magnetism in the coil.
A magnet can only add centripetal force to a point charge. Centripetal force cannot add kinetic energy or any other energy to the point charge, w/ or w/o a...
Perhaps by "set of forces are pushing an object in a circle," you are looking for torque. Foot-pounds of torque is the number of pounds force applied to the end of a handle times the length of the handle.
Torque is a tangential force with no radial component, centripetal force is a radial...
The magnitude F of the centripetal force is equal to the mass m of the body times its velocity squared v^{2} divided by the radius r of its path: F=mv^{2}/r.
The x and y components of centripetal force within an X/Y plane are:
Fx^{2} + Fy^{2} = centripetal force^{2}
Magnetic force on a moving point charge is centripetal force.
Point charge movement within a curved path (windings in an inductor) increases magnetic energy per current, because the curved path increases inductance.
U_{M} = LI^{2}
Ion migration is a function of volts, not bends...
The generator converts the mechanical energy of spinning a coil within a magnetic field to electromagnetic energy. No energy conversion occurs without a closed circuit.
The generator charges reactive loads. It can increase magnetism in a superconductor, or increase voltage's energy in a...
Drawing an electron from a grounded metal-stick is current. Current must obey Kirchoff's law (point charges in = point charges out).
Does ground really supply an electron to the plate? A capacitor has the same energy w/ or w/o a grounded plate. Is there an energy advantage to drawing an...