# Beyond the standard model Definition and 8 Discussions

Physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM) refers to the theoretical developments needed to explain the deficiencies of the Standard Model, such as the inability to explain the fundamental parameters of the standard model, the strong CP problem, neutrino oscillations, matter–antimatter asymmetry, and the nature of dark matter and dark energy. Another problem lies within the mathematical framework of the Standard Model itself: the Standard Model is inconsistent with that of general relativity, and one or both theories break down under certain conditions, such as spacetime singularities like the Big Bang and black hole event horizons.
Theories that lie beyond the Standard Model include various extensions of the standard model through supersymmetry, such as the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) and Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM), and entirely novel explanations, such as string theory, M-theory, and extra dimensions. As these theories tend to reproduce the entirety of current phenomena, the question of which theory is the right one, or at least the "best step" towards a Theory of Everything, can only be settled via experiments, and is one of the most active areas of research in both theoretical and experimental physics.

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1. ### B What if we cut out the Big Bang and inflation?

Are the Big Bang and inflation really needed to account for the large-scale structure of the universe, nucleosynthesis, baryon acoustic oscillations, and the anisotropies of the CMB? Can the universe not begin in an already expanded state and still have all those things happen just the same...
2. ### A Charge conjugation in quantum gravity

The charge associated with gravitational interactions is the mass. In the Standard Model, charge conjugation is the "flippin" of all kinds of charges (electric, color, etc). So, if we were to, say, incorporate quantum gravity in a beyond the Standard Model theory, what would the full charge...
3. ### I Back to Muller's 'Now and the Flow of Time'

Folks, I'm back to reading Muller's paper (https://arxiv.org/pdf/1606.07975.pdf) about the flow of time. He postulates that time is expanding similar the way space is expanding (ok... so if you can swallow that). He asks: "why are the new nows created at the end of time, rather than uniformly...
4. ### A Three dimensional representation of ##U(1)\times SU(2)##

Consider a three dimensional representation of ##U(1)\times SU(2)## with zero hypercharge ##Y=0##: $$L= \begin{pmatrix} L^+ \\ L^0 \\ L^- \end{pmatrix}$$ Then the mass term is given by [1]: $$\mathcal{L} \supset -\frac m 2 \left( 2 L^+ L^- +L^0 L^0 \right)$$ I am wondering where the...
5. ### I BSM conference '17 notes

This 54 page review article from a September 2017 conference in Portugal is a good starting point for people wanting an overall summary of the state of BSM physics theories that is reasonably up to date, and may suggest questions about specific theories that deserve more attention in this forum...
6. ### I Relation between statistics and theoretical physics

Hi at all, maybe it's a bit trivial. However, the question that i ask myself is ; that relation there is between statistics-probab theory & theoretical physics. What role does it play in theoretical research ? (apart from the probabilistic amplitudes encountered in qm) Thanks for the answers
7. ### A Is it possible that a particle is much heavier through a loop correction

Let's assume, we have standard model singlet particle s that mixes after electroweak symmetry breaking with an exotic, vectorlike neutral lepton N The relevant part of the Lagrangian reads $$L \supset h^c s N + h s N^c + M N N^c,$$ where h is the standard model higgs and M is a superheavy...
8. ### Covariant fields and new physics

I assume that all the fundamental physics known - as of today - can be reduced to quantum general covariant fields (including spacetime itself to be seen as a field of those...). Now, sorry if my question is quite abstract and based on tomorrow's hypothetical new physics, but would it be against...