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A, T, C, G: Add X and Y (DNA bases)
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[QUOTE="BillTre, post: 5677267, member: 581757"] It sounds like this was only to show the maintenance of the sequence through a few generations of replication, but that it had no known function in the organism. (I could only read the abstract.) How much sequence contained these bases? Seems the next steps would involve something like: • An [B]expanded alphabet RNA monomers[/B] (same as for the DNA) and the enzymes to handle them, or the encoded DNA information would revert from 6 (nucleotide)-speak to 4-speak RNA information. • Enzymatic function might be created by making [B]ribozymes[/B] (RNAs with enzymatic properties - they are important in some theories of life's origins). This could avoid the complexities of protein synthesis. An RNA molecule would assume some particular 3D shape, based upon its sequence and how it was made. Some of these shapes (encoded in some particular gene's 6-speak genetic code) would endow a ribomolecule with enzymatic properties, making it a ribozyme. • Proteins might be made more diverse by using the new more complex sequence to encode additional amino acids. [URL='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanded_genetic_code']This has already been done with the 4-nucleotide code[/URL]. However, its not clear the extra bases are advantageous for this. Perhaps the extra code cold be used as a fail-safe mechanism to prevent weird things from happening if it were to escape (as so many GMOs have). Making [B]proteins[/B] would additionally require an [B]expanded set of tRNAs[/B] (already done), as well as the [B]enzymes that load specific tRNAs with amino acids[/B] (coded for be genes for proteins). Plus enzymes to handle any additional [B]metabolic tasks[/B]. (of the [/QUOTE]
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A, T, C, G: Add X and Y (DNA bases)
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