Acceleration is the rate at which an object changes its velocity over time. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction, and is measured in meters per second squared (m/s²).
Acceleration can be calculated by dividing the change in an object's velocity by the time it takes for that change to occur. This can be represented by the formula a = (vf - vi) / t, where a is acceleration, vf is final velocity, vi is initial velocity, and t is time.
Velocity is the rate at which an object changes its position over time, while acceleration is the rate at which an object changes its velocity over time. Velocity is a vector quantity, while acceleration is a vector quantity. Velocity is measured in meters per second (m/s), while acceleration is measured in meters per second squared (m/s²).
Acceleration is caused by a force acting on an object. According to Newton's second law of motion, the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. This means that the greater the force acting on an object, the greater its acceleration will be, and the more massive an object is, the less its acceleration will be.
Some common examples of acceleration include a car speeding up or slowing down, a roller coaster going down a hill, a ball being thrown into the air, and a person jumping off a diving board. Essentially, any time an object's velocity changes, it is experiencing acceleration.