Appropriate Boundary Conditions for the Biharmonic Equation

In summary, when solving the biharmonic equation with weak solutions in H^2_0(U), the Neumann boundary conditions of u=0 and \bigtriangledown u\cdot\nu =0 are obvious. However, when considering solutions in H^1_0(U)\cap H^2(U), the boundary condition of u=0 still applies, but there is confusion about what the other boundary condition should be. By multiplying the PDE by a test function and integrating by parts, it is found that the term (\bigtriangledown u\cdot\nu )(Δu) must vanish at the boundary, but it is unclear why this is necessary or if there is a different boundary condition that should be used
  • #1
Arkuski
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Usually, when considering the biharmonic equation (given by [itex]Δ^2u=f[/itex], we look for weak solutions in [itex]H^2_0(U)[/itex], which should obviously have Neumann boundary conditions ([itex]u=0[/itex] and [itex]\bigtriangledown u\cdot\nu =0[/itex] where [itex]\nu[/itex] is normal to [itex]U[/itex]).

Now consider that we are looking for solutions [itex]u\in H^1_0(U)\cap H^2(U)[/itex]. Clearly, the boundary condition [itex]u=0[/itex] should still apply since we are considering [itex]H^1_0[/itex], but I'm having trouble deciding what the other boundary condition should be. If we multiply the PDE by a test function [itex]v\in H^1_0(U)\cap H^2(U)[/itex] and integrate by parts, we find the following:

[itex]\int _U (Δ^2u)v dx=-(Dv)(Δu)_{∂U}|+\int _U (Δv)(Δu)dx[/itex]

If we want the boundary term to vanish, we would require that something like [itex](\bigtriangledown u\cdot\nu )(Δu)=0[/itex] on the boundary, but I'm confused as to why we require these terms to vanish, or if this is even a necessity.
 
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  • #2
Can someone explain why this boundary condition is necessary, or if there is a different one that should be used instead?
 

1. What is the Biharmonic Equation?

The Biharmonic Equation is a mathematical equation that describes the behavior of elastic plates or membranes. It is commonly used in physics and engineering to model the bending and flexing of objects.

2. Why are appropriate boundary conditions important for the Biharmonic Equation?

Boundary conditions are necessary for solving the Biharmonic Equation because they define the limits of the system and determine the unique solution. Without appropriate boundary conditions, the solution may be incorrect or non-existent.

3. What are some examples of appropriate boundary conditions for the Biharmonic Equation?

Some common boundary conditions for the Biharmonic Equation include fixed edges, simply supported edges, and free edges. These conditions can be applied to different sides of the object being modeled, depending on the specific scenario.

4. How do you determine the appropriate boundary conditions for a specific problem?

Determining the appropriate boundary conditions for the Biharmonic Equation requires an understanding of the physical system being modeled and the desired outcome. It may also involve considering practical constraints, such as material properties and external forces.

5. Can incorrect boundary conditions affect the accuracy of the solution to the Biharmonic Equation?

Yes, incorrect boundary conditions can significantly affect the accuracy of the solution to the Biharmonic Equation. This is because the boundary conditions directly influence the behavior of the system and can lead to incorrect predictions if they are not properly defined.

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