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TimeRip496
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What is bianchi identity? Can anyone explain it to me as simple as possible? Is it something that allows us to convert riemannian tensor to ricci curvature tensor?
Matterwave said:You can obtain the Ricci curvature tensor from the Riemann curvature tensor by a contraction: ##R_{\mu\nu}=R^\alpha_{\mu\alpha\nu}## (sign convention varies by author). There is no "converting" the Riemann curvature tensor into the Ricci tensor. The Riemann tensor contains more information than the Ricci tensor.
The Bianchi identity is an identity that holds for the Riemann tensor (and there is an associated one for the Einstein tensor) that basically says some sum of some permutation of the (covariant) derivatives of the Riemann tensor gives you 0. The importance of the Bianchi identity in GR is that it enforces the fact that the covariant divergence of the Einstein tensor is 0. In this way, the Einstein Field Equations enforces local energy conservation by setting the covariant divergence of the stress-energy tensor to 0 as well.
I know what you mean by the permutation but I don't really understand the rationale behind it. Is it obtained due to differentiating it? Like whenever you differentiate more than one functions together, you need to change their order.Matterwave said:You can obtain the Ricci curvature tensor from the Riemann curvature tensor by a contraction: ##R_{\mu\nu}=R^\alpha_{\mu\alpha\nu}## (sign convention varies by author). There is no "converting" the Riemann curvature tensor into the Ricci tensor. The Riemann tensor contains more information than the Ricci tensor.
The Bianchi identity is an identity that holds for the Riemann tensor (and there is an associated one for the Einstein tensor) that basically says some sum of some permutation of the (covariant) derivatives of the Riemann tensor gives you 0. The importance of the Bianchi identity in GR is that it enforces the fact that the covariant divergence of the Einstein tensor is 0. In this way, the Einstein Field Equations enforces local energy conservation by setting the covariant divergence of the stress-energy tensor to 0 as well.
TimeRip496 said:I know what you mean by the permutation but I don't really understand the rationale behind it. Is it obtained due to differentiating it? Like whenever you differentiate more than one functions together, you need to change their order.
Moreover what you mean by covariant divergence? Is it something like divergence(which is a vector operator that measures the magnitude of a vector field's source or sink at a given point, in terms of a signed scalar) except that it is invariant?
Matterwave said:The term "covariant divergence" is loosely used on a tensor ##G^{\mu\nu}## to mean something like ##\nabla_\mu G^{\mu\nu}##.
PeterDonis said:The words "loosely" and "something like" are not correct here. What you have given is a precise definition of the term "covariant divergence".
Matterwave said:if the tensor is not symmetric, one will get confused on which index should be summed over to be called the "covariant divergence" right?
PeterDonis said:That's why we label each index with a different Greek letter. As you have written it, ##\nabla_{\mu} G^{\mu \nu}## takes the divergence on the first index; we could also write ##\nabla_{\nu} G^{\mu \nu}## to indicate that we are taking the divergence on the second index, which happens to give the same result in this case since the Einstein tensor is symmetric, but with a non-symmetric tensor would give a different tensor as a result. With higher-rank tensors we do the same thing to make it clear which index we are taking the divergence on; divergences on different indexes may give different tensors as a result.
This is true not just for divergences but for contractions of tensors in general (a divergence is just a contraction of the derivative operator with the tensor it's operating on); you have to specify which indexes you are contracting. For example, the Ricci tensor is defined as
$$
R_{\mu \nu} = R^{\alpha}{}_{\mu \alpha \nu}
$$
i.e,. it is defined as the contraction of the Riemann tensor on the first and third indexes. Other possible contractions of the Riemann tensor do not necessarily yield the same second-rank tensor as a result.
Matterwave said:my point was only a semantic one, namely the English phrase "divergence of a tensor". Which I argue is ambiguous as written.
TimeRip496 said:What is the difference between covariant divergence and covariant derivative? I still don't really get what you mean by covariant divergence.
The Bianchi Identity is a mathematical equation that relates the covariant derivatives of the Riemann curvature tensor in a curved space. It is used to study the properties of space-time in the theory of general relativity.
The Bianchi Identity is derived from the symmetries of the Riemann curvature tensor, which represent the curvature of space-time. These symmetries are used to simplify the equation and eliminate unnecessary terms, resulting in the Bianchi Identity.
The Bianchi Identity is a fundamental equation in general relativity, which is the theory that describes the gravitational force. It is used to understand the behavior of space-time in the presence of matter and energy, and to make predictions about the universe.
Yes, the Bianchi Identity can be used to solve problems in general relativity. It is a powerful tool for studying the properties of space-time and making predictions about the behavior of matter and energy.
The Bianchi Identity is an equation that relates the covariant derivatives of the Riemann curvature tensor. This means that it provides a mathematical relationship between the curvature of space-time and its derivatives, allowing us to study the behavior of space-time in a more detailed and precise way.