How Does the Coefficient of Restitution Affect Collision Outcomes?

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In summary, the coefficient of restitution is a measure of an object's elasticity and is calculated by dividing the final velocity by the initial velocity. A perfect coefficient of restitution would have a value of 1 and is important in determining the behavior of objects during collisions and in the design of various products. Factors that can affect the coefficient of restitution include materials, surfaces, angles, speeds, and external forces.
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nokia8650
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A smooth sphere A of mass 4m is moving on a smooth horizontal plane with speed u. It
collides directly with a stationary smooth sphere B of mass 5m and with the same radius as A.

The coefficient of restitution between A and B is 1/2

(a) Show that after the collision the speed of B is 4 times greater than the speed of A.

Sphere B subsequently hits a smooth vertical wall at right angles. After rebounding from the
wall, B collides with A again and as a result of this collision, B comes to rest.

Given that the coefficient of restitution between B and the wall is e,

(b) find e. For part (b), I receive an answer of 1/14. This is due to the fact that I have equated the coefficient of resisution of the two balls in the following way for the final collision:

0.5 = v/(u+4eu)

where v = velovity of ball A after the final collision, and u = the velocity of ball A before the collision (and hence the velocity of B is -4eu).

This results in a result of e = 1/14 after solving simultaneously with a linear expression for the conservation of momentum.

However, the markscheme has done the above as: 0.5 = (0-v)/(u+4eu) - note the presence of the negative sign. This results in a result of 0.5 for the second coefficient of resistution. Can someone please explain the logic behind this?

Thanks
 
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nokia8650 said:
However, the markscheme has done the above as: 0.5 = (0-v)/(u+4eu) - note the presence of the negative sign. This results in a result of 0.5 for the second coefficient of resistution. Can someone please explain the logic behind this?
I didn't look at the problem in detail, but this piece seems to make sense. By definition of coefficient of restitution (e):
V'a - V'b = e(Vb - Va)
v - 0 = e(u - -4e'u) = 0.5(u + 4e'u)

Where I use e' for the second COR.

(Did I miss your point?)
 

What is the coefficient of restitution?

The coefficient of restitution is a measure of the elasticity of an object. It is defined as the ratio of the velocity of an object after a collision to its velocity before the collision.

How is the coefficient of restitution calculated?

The coefficient of restitution can be calculated by dividing the final velocity of an object after a collision by its initial velocity. This can be represented by the equation e = vf/vi, where e is the coefficient of restitution, vf is the final velocity, and vi is the initial velocity.

What is a perfect coefficient of restitution?

A perfect coefficient of restitution, also known as a perfectly elastic collision, would have a value of 1. This means that after a collision, the objects involved would bounce off each other without any loss of energy.

What are the factors that affect the coefficient of restitution?

The coefficient of restitution can be affected by a variety of factors, including the materials and surfaces of the objects involved, the angle and speed of the collision, and any external forces acting on the objects.

Why is the coefficient of restitution important in physics and engineering?

The coefficient of restitution is an important concept in physics and engineering as it helps determine the behavior of objects during collisions. It is also used in the design and testing of various products, such as sports equipment and car safety features, to ensure they meet certain performance standards.

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