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What are the common classes, and if it's not too much additional trouble, textbooks that are associated with then in the first year of college under a Theoretical Physics major?
I was also meaning to ask this — thank you for answering this in advance! I aspire to major in Quantum Mechanics, but I was unsure whether a bachelors in Theoretical Physics or General Physics would be more suited, or whether it would make any difference at all when pursuing a doctorate.In the US, most colleges and universities don't have a separate Theoretical Physics major. If there is such a major, it probably isn't significantly different from a standard physics major until junior year.
At most schools, a first-year physics major takes two semesters of calculus-based introductory physics using a textbook like Halliday/Resnick/Walker "Fundamentals of Physics", Young/Freedman "University Physics" or a bunch of other similar textbooks. Also calculus, starting with Calculus I or wherever the math department places you based on what you've done in high school. Stewart and Swokowski are two common textbooks.
In a few places, an honors-physics freshman sequence is
Kleppner&Kolenkow for intro-mechanics and Purcell for intro-electrodynamics.
Some other places might actually start off with some modern physics before a typical calculus-based textbook like those mentioned above.