Tubes carrying torsional loads should have there innermost ply of carbon fibre applied so that it is in compression and there outermost ply applied so that it is in tension. This will prevent the tube failing by torsional delimitation.
A composite tube is a type of material that is made up of two or more different materials that are combined together to create a stronger and more lightweight product. It typically consists of a polymer resin matrix reinforced with fibers such as carbon, glass, or aramid.
The +45/-45 layup is a specific pattern in which the fibers are oriented at a 45 degree angle on either side of the tube. This layup helps to evenly distribute the load and stiffness throughout the tube, resulting in increased strength and stiffness compared to other layup patterns.
Composite tubes offer several advantages over traditional materials such as metal. They are lightweight, strong, and have a high strength-to-weight ratio. They are also corrosion-resistant and have a longer lifespan, making them a more cost-effective option in the long run.
While composite tubes have many benefits, they also have some limitations. They can be more expensive to manufacture and require specialized equipment and techniques. They can also be more susceptible to damage from impacts or high temperatures, so proper handling and storage is crucial.
The strength of composite tubes can be tested through various methods such as tensile testing, compression testing, and flexural testing. These tests measure the amount of force a tube can withstand before it breaks or deforms. Other factors such as stiffness, fatigue resistance, and impact strength can also be evaluated to determine the overall strength of the tube.